| Identification | Back Directory | [Name]
ungeremine | [CAS]
2121-12-2 | [Synonyms]
C12189
ungeremine
Ungerimine
Lycobetaine（Ungeremine）
[1,3]Dioxolo[4,5-j]pyrrolo[3,2,1-de]phenanthridinium, 4,5-dihydro-2-hydroxy- | [Molecular Formula]
C16H12NO3 | [MDL Number]
MFCD01716209 | [MOL File]
2121-12-2.mol | [Molecular Weight]
266.275 |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Melting point ]
270-272℃ (dec.) | [Boiling point ]
409.48°C (rough estimate) | [density ]
1.1727 (rough estimate) | [refractive index ]
1.5300 (estimate) | [storage temp. ]
-20°C | [solubility ]
Methanol: 10 mg/ml | [form ]
A solid |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [Description]
Ungeremine is a betaine-type alkaloid that has been found in C. zeylanicum and has diverse biological activities.1,2,3,4 It is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE; IC50 = 0.35 µM).2 Ungeremine acts as a topoisomerase poison, inducing double-strand breaks in DNA by stabilizing the linkage between topoisomerase IIβ and DNA.3 It inhibits the relaxation of supercoiled DNA by human topoisomerase I and -IIα and E. coli topoisomerase I and -IV (IC50s = 6.1, 25.8, 15, and 7.3 µM, respectively).4 Ungeremine inhibits the growth of HL-60, MOLT-4, K562, U937, and LXFL 529L cells (IC50s = 1.3, 0.7, 0.8, 2.5, and 1.2 µM, respectively). It is cytotoxic to a variety of drug-sensitive and -resistant cancer cells (IC50s = 4.89-6.45 and 3.67-75.24 µM, respectively) and induces ferroptosis, necroptosis, apoptosis, and autophagy in CCRF-CEM leukemia cells. Ungeremine (60 mg/kg twice per week) also reduces tumor growth in a GXF251L mouse xenograft model.3WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use. | [Definition]
ChEBI: A natural product found particularly in Pancratium maritimum and Nerine bowdenii. |
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