| Identification | Back Directory | [Name]
satratoxin G | [CAS]
53126-63-9 | [Synonyms]
C028268
satratoxin G
Isosatratoxin g
2',3'-Oxy-2',3'-dihydrosatratoxin H
Spiro[10,12:19,22a-dimethano-4H,5H,22aH-oxireno[8,9][1,6,12]trioxacyclooctadecino[3,4-d][1]benzopyran-11(10H),2'-oxirane]-2,14(1aH,19H)-dione, 6,8a,11a,12,21,22-hexahydro-23-hydroxy-19-(1-hydroxyethyl)-7,11a-dimethyl- | [Molecular Formula]
C29H36O10 | [MDL Number]
MFCD01684361 | [MOL File]
53126-63-9.mol | [Molecular Weight]
544.59 |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [Uses]
Satratoxin G is a large cyclic mucor toxin. Satratoxin G induces apoptosis by activation of caspase
[1][2]. | [Biological Activity]
Satratoxin G is a macrocyclic trichothecene mycotoxin that has been found in S. chartarum.1,2 It induces cleavage of caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in HL-60 cells when used at a concentration of 40 nM and is cytotoxic to HepG2, Hep-2, Caco-2, A204, U937, and Jurkat cells (IC50s = 2.2-9.7 ng/ml).3,4 Intranasal administration of satratoxin G (500 μg/kg) induces apoptosis of olfactory sensory neurons in olfactory epithelium and ethmoid turbinate expression of the genes encoding IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and MIP-2 in mice.2 Satratoxin G induces lethality in 4 week-old male mice (LD50 = 1.23 mg/kg, i.p.).1 | [in vivo]
Satratoxin G (500 μg/kg, intranasal instillation) can induce the apoptosis of olfactory sensory neurons in mouse olfactory epithelium, and express IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and MIP-2 genes[2].
| Animal Model: | Pathogen-free female C57Bl/6 mice [2] | | Dosage: | 500 μg/kg | | Administration: | intranasal instillation | | Result: | Up-regulated the proapoptotic genes Fas, FasL, p75NGFR, p53, Bax, caspase-3, and CAD.
Increased expression of mRNAs for the cytokines TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-6 as well as the chemokine MIP-2.
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| [storage]
Store at -20°C | [References]
|1. Yoshizawa, T., Ohtsubo, K., Sasaki, T., et al. Acute toxicities of satratoxins G and H in mice--a histopathological observation with special reference to the liver injury caused by satratoxin G. Proc. Jpn. Assoc. Mycotoxicol. 23, 53-57 (1986).|2. Islam, Z., Harkema, J.R., and Pestka, J.J. Satratoxin G from the black mold Stachybotrys chartarum evokes olfactory sensory neuron loss and inflammation in the murine nose and brain. Environ. Health Perspect. 114(7), 1099-1107 (2006).|3. Nagase, M., Shiota, T., Tsushima, A., et al. Molecular mechanism of satratoxin-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells: Activation of caspase-8 and caspase-9 is involved in activation of caspase-3. Immunol. Lett. 84(1), 23-27 (2002).|4. Nielsen, C., Casteel, M., Didier, A., et al. Trichothecene-induced cytotoxicity on human cell lines. Mycotoxin Res. 25(2), 77-84 (2009). |
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ChemeGen
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