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| | (2S)-2,6-DIAMINO-N-[(1S)-1-METHYL-2-PHENYLETHYL]HEXANAMIDE DIMETHANESULFONATE Basic information |
| | (2S)-2,6-DIAMINO-N-[(1S)-1-METHYL-2-PHENYLETHYL]HEXANAMIDE DIMETHANESULFONATE Chemical Properties |
| Fp | 9℃ | | storage temp. | -20°C | | form | A neat solid |
| | (2S)-2,6-DIAMINO-N-[(1S)-1-METHYL-2-PHENYLETHYL]HEXANAMIDE DIMETHANESULFONATE Usage And Synthesis |
| Description | ADHD is a neurobehavioral disorder characterized by varying degrees of
inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. ADHD is typically diagnosed in
childhood and affects 7–12% of the pediatric population in the United States with
the condition often enduring into adulthood.
While the precise mechanism of action of lisdexamfetamine
in treating ADHD is not known, amphetamines are believed to inhibit the
reuptake of the neurotransmitters dopamine and noradrenaline (norepinephrine),
thereby increasing their presynaptic availability and release into extraneuronal space. The prodrug is constructed by the condensation of D-amphetamine with the activated ester (N-hydroxysuccinimide) of bis-tert-butoxycarbonylprotected L-lysine. Lisdexamfetamine is ultimately generated by treatment with hydrochloric acid in dioxane.
The most common adverse events, comparable to other amphetamine formulations, were decreased appetite, insomnia, upper abdominal pain, and irritability. Lisdexamfetamine is contraindicated in patients with advanced arteriosclerosis, symptomatic cardiovascular disease, moderate-to-severe hypertension, hyperthyroidism, known hypersensitivity to the sympathomimetic amines, glaucoma, a predisposition to agitated states, and a history of drug abuse. In addition, the drug should not be administered during or within 14 days of treatment with monoamine oxidase inhibitors. It has also been noted that psychostimulants may exacerbate symptoms of pre-existing psychotic disorders, so caution and close observation are recommended in this patient population. | | Description | Lisdexamfetamine (mesylate) (Item No. 18050) is an analytical reference material categorized as an amphetamine. Its chemical structure consists of D-amphetamine (Item Nos. 14204 | 15650) coupled with the essential amino acid L-lysine. Lisdexamfetamine is an inactive prodrug that is converted to D-amphetamine upon cleavage of the lysine via enzymatic hydrolysis in red blood cells. Lisdexamfetamine is regulated as a Schedule II compound in the United States. This product is intended for research and forensic applications. | | Originator | New River Pharmaceuticals (US) | | Uses | Treatment of atten tion deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). | | Brand name | Vyvanse | | Synthesis | The straightforward synthesis of lisdexamfetamine mesilate
was initiated by adding a solution of D-amphetamine (66) to
a solution of Boc-L-Lys(Boc)-OSu (65), N-methylmorpholine
and 1,4-dioxane. The resulting
mixture was partitioned between isopropyl acetate and an
acetic acid/brine solution, and the organic layer was washed
with aqueous sodium bicarbonate to give Boc-L-Lys(Boc)-
D-amphetamine (67) in 91% yield. The two primary amine
groups were liberated by reacting a solution of 67 in 1,4-
dioxane with methanesulfonic acid providing lisdexamfetamine
mesilate (X) in 92% yield. 
| | References | [1] J. ERMER G F M Pennick. Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate: Prodrug Delivery, Amphetamine Exposure and Duration of Efficacy[J]. Clinical Drug Investigation, 2016, 36 1: 341-356. DOI: 10.1007/s40261-015-0354-y
[2] CHRISTOPHER STEER. Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate: a new therapeutic option for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.[J]. CNS drugs, 2012, 26 8: 691-705. DOI: 10.2165/11634340-000000000-00000 |
| | (2S)-2,6-DIAMINO-N-[(1S)-1-METHYL-2-PHENYLETHYL]HEXANAMIDE DIMETHANESULFONATE Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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