MAP4K1 (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 1), also known as hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1), is a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the STE20 family. It plays a critical role in immune regulation and cellular signaling, particularly in T-cell receptor (TCR) and B-cell receptor (BCR) pathways. Structurally, MAP4K1 contains an N-terminal kinase domain, a central coiled-coil domain for protein interactions, and a C-terminal citron homology (CNH) domain. It functions as a negative regulator of T-cell activation by promoting the degradation of the adaptor protein SLP-76. thereby modulating immune responses. Dysregulation of MAP4K1 has been implicated in autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammation, and cancer progression.
Antibodies targeting MAP4K1 are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and function in various biological contexts. They are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, and immunohistochemistry to investigate MAP4K1's role in immune cell signaling, apoptosis, and stress responses. Researchers also utilize these antibodies to explore MAP4K1's therapeutic potential, as its inhibition has shown promise in enhancing anti-tumor immunity and alleviating autoimmune conditions. Both monoclonal and polyclonal MAP4K1 antibodies are available, often developed in hosts like rabbits or mice, with validation in specific applications. Understanding MAP4K1's molecular mechanisms through antibody-based studies continues to advance drug discovery efforts targeting immune-related diseases.