GPR83 (G Protein-Coupled Receptor 83) is a class A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly expressed in the central nervous system, particularly in regions like the hypothalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus, as well as in immune tissues. It plays roles in regulating energy homeostasis, stress responses, and immune modulation. GPR83 is activated by neuropeptides such as prosaposin-derived peptides and interacts with melanocortin-3 receptor (MC3R), suggesting involvement in pathways linked to appetite and anxiety. Its expression is also observed in certain cancers, including thyroid carcinoma and lymphomas, hinting at potential oncogenic roles.
GPR83 antibodies are essential tools for studying the receptor's localization, expression patterns, and functional mechanisms. They are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and flow cytometry to detect endogenous GPR83 in tissues or cultured cells. Validated antibodies help elucidate its physiological and pathological roles, including its interplay with metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer progression. Recent studies highlight GPR83's connection to obesity and psychiatric conditions in animal models, driving interest in therapeutic targeting. However, challenges remain in confirming antibody specificity due to GPCR structural homology. Researchers prioritize antibodies verified via knockout controls or blocking peptides to ensure reliability in experimental outcomes.