Attractin (ATRN) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily, initially identified for its role in immune regulation and cell-cell interactions. It is encoded by the *ATRN* gene and exists in two isoforms: a membrane-bound form (mATRN) and a soluble form (sATRN) generated by alternative splicing. ATRN plays a multifaceted role in biological processes, including T-cell activation, neuronal development, and melanogenesis. It interacts with molecular partners like Mahogunin to regulate intracellular trafficking and signaling pathways.
ATRN antibodies are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and function in physiological and pathological contexts. Research links ATRN dysregulation to neurodevelopmental disorders, immune dysfunctions, and melanoma progression. In neuroscience, ATRN antibodies help explore its involvement in axonal guidance and neurodegeneration, while in oncology, they aid in characterizing its role in tumor metastasis. These antibodies are utilized in techniques such as Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry.
Despite its diverse roles, ATRN's precise mechanisms remain under investigation. Antibody-based studies continue to clarify its dual immune-neural functions and therapeutic potential, particularly in diseases like Alzheimer's and autoimmune conditions.