The GTF2I antibody targets the General Transcription Factor II-I (GTF2I), a multifunctional protein encoded by the *GTF2I* gene on chromosome 7. GTF2I plays a critical role in transcriptional regulation and signal transduction, influencing cellular processes like proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. It contains multiple domains, including leucine zippers and nuclear localization signals, enabling interactions with transcription factors (e.g., AP-1. NF-κB) and modulation of gene expression.
GTF2I is notably associated with autoimmune disorders, particularly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Autoantibodies against GTF2I are detected in a subset of SLE patients, suggesting its involvement in autoimmune pathogenesis. These antibodies may arise due to dysregulated immune responses against self-antigens, though their exact role in disease progression remains under investigation. Additionally, GTF2I dysregulation is linked to Williams syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder, and certain cancers, where it may act as an oncogene or tumor suppressor depending on context.
GTF2I antibodies are primarily used in research to study protein localization, expression patterns, and functional interactions. Commercial antibodies enable detection via techniques like Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. However, variability in antibody specificity and conflicting study outcomes highlight the need for standardized validation. Understanding GTF2I's role through antibody-based assays continues to shed light on its contributions to disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.