Ephrin-A4 (EFNA4) is a member of the ephrin family, a group of cell surface proteins that interact with Eph receptors to mediate bidirectional signaling. These interactions play critical roles in developmental processes, including axon guidance, tissue boundary formation, and angiogenesis. EFNA4. a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein, binds preferentially to EphA-class receptors, triggering signaling cascades that regulate cell adhesion, migration, and cytoskeletal dynamics. Dysregulation of EFNA4-EphA signaling has been implicated in cancer progression, neurological disorders, and vascular diseases.
EFNA4 antibodies are immunological tools designed to detect, quantify, or modulate EFNA4 activity. They are widely used in research to study EFNA4 expression patterns, signaling mechanisms, and functional roles in both physiological and pathological contexts. Monoclonal antibodies offer high specificity for applications like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry, while polyclonal antibodies may detect multiple epitopes, enhancing flexibility in experimental setups. Some therapeutic antibodies targeting EFNA4 are under exploration to inhibit tumor growth or metastasis by disrupting EFNA4-EphA interactions.
Understanding EFNA4 antibody specificity, cross-reactivity, and binding affinity is crucial for interpreting experimental data. Validation in relevant biological models ensures reliability, supporting advancements in cancer biology, neurobiology, and regenerative medicine research.