The PBRM1 (Polybromo-1) gene encodes BAF180. a core subunit of the PBAF (PB1-associated factor) chromatin remodeling complex within the SWI/SNF family. This complex regulates gene expression by modifying chromatin structure, influencing processes like DNA repair, cell cycle control, and differentiation. PBRM1 contains six bromodomains that recognize acetylated lysine residues on histones, linking chromatin remodeling to epigenetic regulation.
Mutations or loss of PBRM1 are strongly associated with cancer, particularly clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), where it acts as a tumor suppressor. Dysfunctional PBRM1 disrupts transcriptional programs, promoting tumorigenesis and altering therapeutic responses. Its expression is also implicated in other cancers, including bladder and ovarian cancers.
PBRM1 antibodies are critical tools for detecting protein expression and localization in research. They enable applications like immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence to study PBRM1's role in cancer biology, chromatin dynamics, and drug resistance. Additionally, these antibodies help validate PBRM1 as a potential biomarker for prognosis or targeted therapy. Recent studies explore its interaction with immune checkpoint pathways, highlighting its relevance in immunotherapy. However, antibody specificity remains a challenge due to PBRM1's structural complexity and homology with other bromodomain proteins. Validated antibodies are essential for advancing mechanistic and translational research in epigenetics and oncology.