Dietary starch is weight reducing when distally digested in the small intestine

Nowadays, carbohydrate-based foods have a negative consumer connotation and low carb diets have become a popular way to lose weight. Here, we show how digestible starch and flavonoids can be used as a dietary approach to manage food intake and weight gain through elevation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion for gut-brain axis communication. This was achieved by extending the digestion of cooked starch to the distal small intestine using luteolin or quercetin as α-amylase-specific inhibitors with competitive inhibition mechanism. In a mouse model, extended and complete digestion produced a signature blunted glycemic profile that induced elevation of GLP-1 and positive regulation of hypothalamic neuropeptides with significantly reduced food intake and weight gain (p < 0.05). These findings represent a shift in paradigm of dietary carbohydrates from weight increasing to reducing, and have implications for industry and public health related to the design of carbohydrate-based foods/ingredients for managing obesity and diabetes.