11.1 Information on toxicological effects
Mixture Acute toxicity
Oral: No data available
Inhalation: No data available
Dermal: No data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Serious eye damage/eye irritation
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Respiratory or skin sensitization
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Germ cell mutagenicity
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Carcinogenicity
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Reproductive toxicity
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure
Mixture causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure.
- Lungs
Aspiration hazard
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
11.2 Additional Information
Prolonged inhalation of crystalline silica may result in silicosis, a disabling pulmonary fibrosis characterized by fibrotic changes and miliary nodules in the lungs, a dry cough, shortness of breath, emphysema, decreased chest expansion, and increased susceptibility to tuberculosis. In advanced stages, loss of appetite, pleuritic pain, and total incapacity to work. Advanced silicosis may result in death due to cardiac failure or destruction of lung tissue. Crystalline silica is classified as group 1 "known to be carcinogenic to humans" by
IARC and "sufficient evidence" of carcinogenicity by the NTP., The chronic health risks are associated with respirable particles of 3-4 um over protracted periods of time. Currently, there is a limited understanding of the mechanisms of quartz toxicity, including its mechanisms for lung carcinogenicity. Additional studies are needed to determine whether the cell transforming activity of quartz is related to its carcinogenic potential., Respirable silica may cause immune system disorders, increased risk to develop pulmonary tuberculosis, and increased incidence of kidney disease.
Other dangerous properties can not be excluded.
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Components Kieselguhr (contains free crystalline silicic acid)
Acute toxicity
LD50 Oral - Rat - female - > 2,000 mg/kg (OECD Test Guideline 401)
LC50 Inhalation - Rat - male and female - 4 h - > 2.6 mg/l - dust/mist (OECD Test Guideline 403)
Symptoms: Chronic intoxication:, Pneumokoniosis (silicosis)
Dermal: No data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
Skin - reconstructed human epidermis (RhE)
Result: No skin irritation - 4 h (OECD Test Guideline 431)
Serious eye damage/eye irritation
Eyes - Rabbit
Result: No eye irritation (OECD Test Guideline 405)
Respiratory or skin sensitization
Local lymph node assay (LLNA) - Mouse
Result: negative (OECD Test Guideline 429)
Germ cell mutagenicity
Test Type: Ames test
Test system: Escherichia coli/Salmonella typhimurium
Result: negative
Test Type: Mutagenicity (mammal cell test): chromosome aberration.
Test system: lymphocyte
Result: negative
Test Type: In vitro mammalian cell gene mutation test
Test system: mouse lymphoma cells
Result: negative
Carcinogenicity
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Reproductive toxicity
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure
Acute inhalation toxicity - Chronic intoxication:, Pneumokoniosis (silicosis)
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure
Inhalation - Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure.
- Lungs
Aspiration hazard
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
cristobalite Acute toxicity
Oral: No data available
Inhalation: No data available
Dermal: No data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Serious eye damage/eye irritation
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Respiratory or skin sensitization
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Germ cell mutagenicity
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Carcinogenicity
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Reproductive toxicity
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure
Inhalation - Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure.
- Lungs
Aspiration hazard
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2