| Identification | More | [Name]
Thymidine | [CAS]
50-89-5 | [Synonyms]
1-(2-DEOXY-BETA-D-ERYTHRO-PENTOFURANOSYL)-5-METHYL-2,4(1H,3H)-PYRIMIDINEDIONE
1-[2-DEOXY-BETA-D-RIBOFURANOSYL]-5-METHYLURACIL
1-[2-DEOXY-BETA-D-RIBOFURANOSYL]-5-METHYLURACYL
1-(2-DEOXY-BETA-D-RIBOFURANOSYL)THYMINE
1-[(2R,4S,5R)-4-HYDROXY-5-(HYDROXYMETHYL)OXOLAN-2-YL]-5-METHYL-PYRIMIDINE-2,4-DIONE
2,4(1H,3H)-PYRIMIDINEDIONE, 1-(2-DEOXY-BETA-D-ERYTHRO-PENTOFURANOSYL)-5-METHYL-
2'-DEOXYRIBOSYLTHYMINE
2'-DEOXYTHYMIDINE
5-METHYL-2'-DEOXYURIDINE
5-METHYLDEOXYURIDINE
BETA-THYMIDINE
DT
DTHD
E-D-RIBOFURANOSIDE, THYMINE-1 2-DEOXY-
THYMIDINE
THYMINE-2'-DEOXYRIBOSIDE
THYMINE-2-DEOXYRIBOSIDE
THYMINE 2-DESOXYRIBOSIDE
THYMINE DEOXYRIBOSIDE
URIDINE, 2'-DEOXY-5-METHYL- | [EINECS(EC#)]
200-070-4 | [Molecular Formula]
C10H14N2O5 | [MDL Number]
MFCD00006537 | [Molecular Weight]
242.23 | [MOL File]
50-89-5.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Definition]
The nucleoside
(deoxyriboside) of thymine. Occurs in DNA. | [Appearance]
White crystalline powder | [Melting point ]
186-188 °C(lit.)
| [alpha ]
18.6 º (c=3, H2O) | [Boiling point ]
385.05°C (rough estimate) | [density ]
1.3129 (rough estimate) | [refractive index ]
33 ° (C=1, 1mol/L NaOH) | [storage temp. ]
0-6°C | [solubility ]
Acetone, DMSO (Slightly), Ethanol, Ethyl Acetate, Methanol (Slightly, Heated), P | [form ]
Crystalline Powder | [pka]
pK1:9.79;pK2:12.85 (25°C) | [color ]
White to almost white | [Stability:]
Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. | [optical activity]
[α]20/D +19±1°, c = 1% in H2O | [Water Solubility ]
SOLUBLE | [Usage]
Used for e.g. syntheses of zidovudine. Attributes For further information please contact us Contact | [Merck ]
14,9397 | [BRN ]
89285 | [InChIKey]
IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-XLPZGREQSA-N | [LogP]
-0.930 | [CAS DataBase Reference]
50-89-5(CAS DataBase Reference) | [NIST Chemistry Reference]
Thymidine(50-89-5) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
50-89-5(EPA Substance) |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
Xi | [Risk Statements ]
R20/21/22:Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed .
R40:Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect.
R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin . | [Safety Statements ]
S22:Do not breathe dust .
S24/25:Avoid contact with skin and eyes .
S37/39:Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection .
S26:In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice . | [WGK Germany ]
3
| [RTECS ]
XP2071000
| [F ]
10 | [TSCA ]
Yes | [HS Code ]
29349900 | [Safety Profile]
Moderately toxic by
intraperitoneal route. An experimental
teratogen. Experimental reproductive
effects. Human mutation data reported.
When heated to decomposition it emits
toxic fumes of NOx. |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [Description]
Thymidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside that is composed of the pyrimidine base thymine attached to the sugar deoxyribose. As a constituent of DNA, thymidine pairs with adenine in the DNA double helix. In cell biology it is used to synchronize the cells in G1/early S phase.1,2 | [Chemical Properties]
White crystalline powder | [Physical properties]
Thymidine can exist in vitro conditions as a solid (as white crystals or as white crystalline powder). Under standard temperature and pressure, the stability of this compound is very high. As a part of DNA structure, thymidine occurs in living organisms (also in DNA viruses). Therefore, it is a non-toxic compound. In RNA, there is uridine instead of thymidine. Uridine is formed from the combination of uracil with ribose sugar. The key difference between thymine and thymidine is that thymine is a nucleobase, whereas thymidine is a nucleoside.
| [Uses]
Constituent of deoxyribonucleic acid | [Uses]
Used for e.g. syntheses of zidovudine. Attributes For further information please contact us Contact | [General Description]
Thymidine is also referred to as pyrimidine deoxynucleoside. Deoxythymidine is a nucleoside present in DNA. In a DNA double stranded structure, thymidine pairs with deoxyadeninosine. | [Biochem/physiol Actions]
Thymidine is useful in cell synchronization during S-phase. In the salvage pathway of pyrimidines, pyrimidine phosphorylase reversibly converts thymine to thymidine. | [Mechanism of action]
High concentrations of thymidine interrupt the deoxynucleotide metabolism pathway through competitive inhibition, thus blocking DNA replication. A single treatment with thymidine arrests cells throughout S phase, so a double treatment acts to induce a more uniform block in early S phase.
| [Purification Methods]
Crystallise -thymidine from ethyl acetate, MeOH/Et2O (m 188o) or H2O (as 2H2O m 189o). It is soluble in water and hot organic solvents. The picrate has m 230o (from EtOH). |
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