Azinphos-methyl (ISO) Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE KRISTALLE.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen über 200°C und beim Verbrennen unter Bildung giftiger und ätzender Rauche mit Stickstoffoxiden, Phosphoroxiden und Schwefeloxiden.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 0,2 mg/m?(als TWA); Hautresorption; Sensibilisierung; Krebskategorie A4 (nicht klassifizierbar als krebserzeugend für den Menschen); BEI vorhanden; (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: 0,2 mg/m?(Einatembare Fraktion); Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor II(8); Hautresorption; (DFG 2008).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation des Aerosols, über die Haut und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Verdampfung bei 20°C vernachlässigbar; eine gesundheitsschädliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch beim Versprühen oder Dispergieren schnell erreicht werden, vor allem als Pulver.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf das Nervensystem mit nachfolgenden Krämpfen und Atemversagen. Cholinesterasehemmer. Exposition kann zu Bewusstlosigkeit oder Tod führen. Die Auswirkungen treten u.U. verzögert ein. ärztliche Beobachtung notwendig.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Cholinesterasehemmer. Kumulative Wirkung möglich (s. AKUTE GEFAHREN/SYMPTOME).
LECKAGE
NICHT in die Kanalisation spülen. Verschüttetes Material in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Reste sorgfältig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Vollschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabhängigem Atemschutzgerät.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R24:Giftig bei Berührung mit der Haut.
R26/28:Sehr giftig beim Einatmen und Verschlucken.
R43:Sensibilisierung durch Hautkontakt möglich.
R50/53:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S28:Bei Berührung mit der Haut sofort abwaschen mit viel . . . (vom Hersteller anzugeben).
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S60:Dieses Produkt und sein Behälter sind als gefährlicher Abfall zu entsorgen.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Pure azinphos-methyl is a colorless-to-white odorless crystalline
solid. Azinphos-methyl is subject to hydrolysis and
decomposes with gas evolution at elevated temperatures.Soluble in methanol, ethanol, propylene glycol,
xylene, and other organic solvents; slightly
soluble in water (33 mg/L).
Verwenden
Azinphos-methyl is used to control a wide range of both sucking
and chewing insects and spider mites in a wide range of crops.
Definition
ChEBI: A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2,3-benzotriazine substituted by an oxo group at position 4 and a [(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanyl]methyl group at position 3.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Azinphos methyl is a colorless brown, waxy or white crystalline solid dissolved in a liquid carrier. AZINPHOS-METHYL is used as a pesticide. AZINPHOS-METHYL is added to water to create a water emulsifiable liquid. AZINPHOS-METHYL is toxic by inhalation, skin absorption, and/or ingestion. AZINPHOS-METHYL is heavier than and insoluble in water.
Technical-grade guthion is a cream to yellowbrown granular solid. Guthion is poorly soluble in water. Pure guthion is a colourless to white odourless crystalline solid. Technical-grade guthion is a cream to yellow-brown granular solid.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Insoluble in water. What little amount is solubilized will readily hydrolyze.
Reaktivität anzeigen
The BPS Pesticide incident in Helena resulted in an explosion and death of three firemen. The burning of a 1,000 pound sack of Azinphos Methyl or the flashing of Maneb which was present on the facility may have caused the explosion. Azinphos Ethyl may behave similarly. At elevated temperatures, AZINPHOS-METHYL will decompose generating toxic gases.
Hazard
A poison, cholinesterase inhibitor.
Absorbed by skin. Questionable carcinogen.
Health Hazard
Acute: extremely toxic. Probable oral lethal dose in humans is 5-50 mg/kg, or between 7 drops and 1 teaspoon for a 70 kg (150 lb.) person. A potent cholinesterase inhibitor which can cause death.
Brandgefahr
Some of the formulations may burn, but none of them ignite easily. Container may explode in the heat of the fire. Rapidly hydrolyzed by cold alkali or cold acid. Unstable at temperatures above 390F.
Landwirtschaftliche Anwendung
Insecticide, Acaricide: Not approved for use in EU countries. Azinphosmethyl
liquids with a concentration greater than 13.5%
are classified as a U.S. Restricted Use Pesticides (RUP)
Insecticide used to control certain chewing and sucking
insects in forestry settings, on fruits and fruit trees, vines,
nuts, vegetables, cereals, maize, cotton, ornamentals, soy
beans, tobacco, rice, coffee, sugar cane, and other crops.
Also used as an intermediate in the manufacture, formulation
and application of insecticides and acaricides.
There are 31 global suppliers.
Handelsname
ACIFON®; AZINPHOS-METHYL
GUTHION®; BAY 9027®; BAYER 17147®; CARFENE®;
COTNION-METHYL®; CRYSTHION 2 L®;
CRYSTHYON®; DBD®; GOTHNION®; GUSATHION®;
GUSATHION M®; GUTHION®; R 1582®
Sicherheitsprofil
Poison by inhalation,
ingestion, skin contact, intravenous, and
intraperitoneal routes. An experimental
teratogen. Other experimental reproductive
effects. Human mutation data reported.
Questionable carcinogen with experimental
tumorigenic data. See also PARATHION
and ESTERS. When heated to
decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of
POx, SOx, and NOx.
Carcinogenicity
In a 2 year study dogs received
azinphos-methyl technical (purity not stated) in the diet at 0, 5,
20, or 50 ppm . After 36 weeks, the 20 ppm and 50 ppm
dose groups were given 50 and 100 ppm, respectively, upon
lack of toxic symptoms. After 57 weeks, the 100 ppm dose
group was elevated to 150 ppmand after 84weeks to 300 ppm.
No evidence of carcinogenicity was observed.When azinphos-methyl was fed to mice at 0, 5, 20, or
40 ppm (about 0.79, 3.49, 11.33 (males); 0.98, 4.12, 14.30
(females)) for 2 years, no compound-related toxicity or
evidence of cancer occurred .
Environmental Fate
Biological. Mixed cultures of microorganisms obtained from soil, raw sewage, acti vated sludge, and settled sludge were all able to degrade azinphosmethyl. When this
dithioate pesticide was incubated in a stirred flask containing a mixed culture for 4 days,
the concentration decreased from 99 to 40 mg/L (Barik et al., 1984).
Soil. The principal degradation products in soil and by selected soil microorganisms
are benzazimide, thiomethylbenzazimide, bis(benzazimidylmethyl)disulfide and anthra nilic acid. Benzazimide is further transformed only by Pseudomonas sp. DSM 50
When radiolabeled azinphos-methyl was incubated in soil, 50 and 93% of the applied
amount degraded to carbon dioxide after 44 and 197 days, respectively (Engelhardt et al.,
1984). The presence of benzamide, salicylic acid and 14CO2 from [carbonyl-14C]- an
In a dry soil (2–3% moisture content), the half-lives were 484, 88 and 32 days at 6,
25 and 40°C, respectively. In a soil containing 50% moisture, the half-lives were much
shorter, i.e., 64, 13 and 5 days at 6, 25 and 40°C, respectively (Yaron et al., 1974).
Azinphos-methyl will not leach to any great extent in soil (Helling, 1971). Staiff et
al. (1975) studied the persistence of azinphos-methyl in a test plot over an 8-year period.
At the end of the eighth year, virtually no azinphos-methyl was detected 30 c
Stoffwechselwegen
In the apple tree, 14C-azinphos methyl is metabolized
to a small degree and, by the cell culture, 71% of the
applied activity consists of unchanged azinphos methyl
and its oxon is identified as a metabolite in a small
amount. Two major metabolites are identified in the
aqueous phase of the peel extract and in the cell
extracts of the cell cultures. The major one is a
conjugate of mercaptomethylbenzazimide with 2-(1-
glucopyranosyl)propionic acid, and the minor one is
monodesmethylazinphos methyl. In rats, following the
administration of a single dose of azinphos methyl, the
major radioactivity is eliminated in the expired air
within 48 h. The metabolites in the urine result from
the cleavage of P-S-C and P-O-CH3 bonds
yielding O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioic acid together
with mercaptomethylbenzamide and mono-O-
demethylated azinphos methyl, respectively.
Lager
Azinphos methyl only should be handled by trained occupational workers/personnel
wearing proper protective clothing. Azinphos methyl should always be stored and
transported in clearly labeled impermeable containers under lock and key. Its storage
area should be secure from access by unauthorized persons and children. Occupational workers must be properly informed that no food or drink should be stored in the storage
areas.
Vorsichtsmaßnahmen
Heptachlor decomposes on heating above 160°C, producing toxic fumes including hydro-
gen chloride. It reacts with strong oxidants and attacks metal. During use and handling of
liquid and powder formulations of heptachlor, occupational workers should wear protec-
tive neoprene or PVC gloves, cotton overalls, rubber boots, and a face shield or dust mask.
Heptachlor should be kept stored in locked buildings.
Azinphos-methyl (ISO) Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
