Russ Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
GERUCHLOSE SCHWARZE PELLETS ODER SEHR FEINES PULVER.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Staubwolken können bei Kontakt mit stark erhitzten Oberflächen (über 500°C) entzündet werden.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Beim Verbrennen Bildung von hochgiftigem Kohlenmonoxid (s. ICSC-Nr. 0023). Reagiert mit starken Oxidationsmitteln wie Chloraten, Bromaten und Nitraten.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 3,5 mg/m?(als TWA) Krebskategorie A4 (nicht klassifizierbar als krebserzeugend für den Menschen); (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: (Einatembare Fraktion) Krebserzeugend Kategorie 3B; (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation des Aerosols und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Verdampfen bei 20°C vernachlässigbar; eine belästigende Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch schnell erreicht werden.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Risiko der Lungenschädigung bei wiederholter oder längerer Exposition gegenüber sehr hohen Konzentrationen (s. Anm.).
LECKAGE
Verschüttetes Material in Behältern sammeln. Reste sorgfältig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Vollschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabhängigem Atemschutzgerät.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R36/37:Reizt die Augen und die Atmungsorgane.
R18:Bei Gebrauch Bildung explosionsfähiger/leichtentzündlicher Dampf/Luft-Gemische möglich.
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
R40:Verdacht auf krebserzeugende Wirkung.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
S24/25:Berührung mit den Augen und der Haut vermeiden.
S22:Staub nicht einatmen.
Beschreibung
Carbon black is a finely divided form of carbon. It may ignite explosively if suspended in air in the presence of an ignition source or slowly undergo spontaneous combustion upon contact with water. In addition, it is toxic by inhalation, with a TLV of 3.5 mg/m3 in air. Primary uses are in the manufacture of tires, belt covers, plastics, carbon paper, colorant for printing inks, and as a solar-energy absorber.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Carbon black (essentially elemental carbon),
is a black or brown liquid or solid (powder). Odorless
solid. Carbon black oil is flammable and has a petroleum
odor.
Verwenden
Carbon black Super-P (TIMCAL) was used as conductive agent. Super P furnace black the best conductive additive. Carbon black (conducting material, super P black) was added with binder in the composite electrode to compensate the low electrical conductivity of PPy and PPyDVB in miniemulsion polymerization. The hybrid Super P-SACNT conductive network manifests itself as a promising strategy to improve the battery performances with a minimum amount of conductive fillers.
Application
Carbon black is a type of fine soot that is obtained from materials that have not been completely burned. It has various applications, including its use in polishing celluloid and bone.
Definition
A finely divided form of carbon, practically all of
which is made by burning vaporized heavy-oil frac-
tions in a furnace with 50% of the air required for
complete combustion (partial oxidation). This type
is also called furnace black. Carbon black can also
be made from methane or natural gas by crack-
ing (thermal black) or direct combustion (channel
black), but these methods are virtually obsolete. All
types are characterized by extremely fine particle
size, which accounts for their reinforcing and pig-
menting effectiveness.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs, CNTs) were prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). In chemical vapor deposition (CVD), a volatile precursor undergoes thermal decomposition at elevated temperatures to form a solid deposit on a substrate. 1 Carboxylic acid groups can be attached to the defect sides and ends of the nanotube by treatment with oxidizing agents. Carboxylic acid groups can be easily derivatized into different functional groups.
Hazard
Possible carcinogen. Bronchitis.
Health Hazard
There are no well demonstrated
health hazards to humans from acute exposure
to carbon black.
Commercial carbon black is a spherical
colloidal form of nearly pure carbon particles
and aggregates with trace amounts of organic
impurities adsorbed on the surface. Potential
health effects usually are attributed to these
impurities rather than to the carbon itself.
Soots, by contrast, contain mixtures of particulate
carbon, resins, tars, and so on, in a
nonadsorbed state.
Sicherheitsprofil
Mildly toxic by
ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact. Questionable carcinogen. Mutation data
reported. See also CARBON. A nuisance
dust in high concentrations. We it is true
that the tiny particulates of carbon black
contain some molecules of carcinogenic
materials, the carcinogens are apparently
held tightly and are not eluted by hot or
cold water, gastric juices, or blood plasma.
mögliche Exposition
Used as reinforcing agent and filler
for rubber; colorants for ink, paint, and plastics. Workers in
carbon black production or in its use in rubber compounding, ink and paint manufacture, plastics compounding, drycell battery manufacture.
Versand/Shipping
Carbon black oil: UN1993 Flammable liquids,
n.o.s., Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid,
Technical Name Required.
Structure and conformation
Carbon black is a solid conslstmg of spherical particles showing a significant degree of two-dimensional symmetry. The key physicochemical properties of carbon blacks, which vary between different manufacturing processes, are structure, particle size, surface area, and chemical composition. The crystalline regions in carbon black consist of well-developed graphite platelets stacked roughly parallel to one another, but random in orientation with respect to adjacent layers. These regions are 1.5-2.0 nm wide and 1.2-1.5 nm high, corresponding to 4 to 5 layer planes per crystallite containing about 375 carbon atoms. A particle of a carbon black with a surface area of 100 m2/g contains over 4000 crystallites ordered in a concentric layer plane arrangement.
Inkompatibilitäten
Carbon blacks containing over 8% volatiles may pose an explosion hazard. Dust can form an
explosive mixture in air. A reducing agent; keep away from
strong oxidizers, such as chlorates, bromates, nitrates.
Waste disposal
Dump into a landfill or incinerate as a slurry.
Russ Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
