Octan-1-ol Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Reagiert mit starken Oxidationsmitteln.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt.
MAK: IIb (MAK nicht festgelegt, aber Informationen vorhanden). (DFG 2008).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C tritt langsam eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft ein.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz reizt die Augen, die Atemwege und reizt leicht die Haut. Verschlucken kann zur Aufnahme in der Lunge führen; Gefahr der Aspirationspneumonie.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Die Flüssigkeit entfettet die Haut.
LECKAGE
Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit in abgedeckten Behältern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzfilter für organische Gase und Dämpfe.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R36/38:Reizt die Augen und die Haut.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
Beschreibung
1-Octanol (111-87-5) is a colorless and transparent liquid with the chemical formula C8H18O. It is a fatty alcohol consisting of a linear, saturated chain of eight carbon atoms. Although 1-Octanol is not highly soluble in water, it can dissolve easily in alcohol, ether, and chloroform. This compound is commonly used as a raw material in the production of fragrances, octanal, octanoic acid, and its esters. It also functions as a solvent, defoamer, and lubricating oil additive. Notably, 1-Octanol poses a low level of toxicity, but it can be irritating to the skin and eyes. Nonetheless, it is considered safe to use under normal conditions because of its low vapor pressure.
Chemische Eigenschaften
1-Octanol has a fresh, orange-rose odor, quite sweet and an oily, sweet, slightly herbaceous taste.
Occurrence
Reported as frequently occurring in essential oils as an ester; the free alcohol has been reported found in the
essential oils of green tea, grapefruit, California orange, Andropogon intermedius, Heracleum villosum, violet leaves, Anethum
graveolens and bitter orange. Also reported in over 200 foods and beverages including apple, apricot, banana, citrus peel oils and
juices, many berries, guava, grapes, melon, papaya, peach, pear, asparagus, kohlrabi, leek, peas, tomato, potato, clove, ginger,
mustard, spearmint oil, wheat bread, many cheeses, cooked egg, butter, milk, fish, meats, beer, rum, whiskies, cognac, cider,
sherry, grape wines, cocoa, tea, nuts, honey, soybean, coconut, passion fruit, olive, avocado, plum, rose apple, beans, mushroom,
starfruit, Bantu beer, sesame seed, cauliflower, broccoli, tamarind, fruit brandies, fig, cardamom, coriander seed and leaf, rice,
quince, litchi, dill, lovage, sweet corn, corn oil, malt, kiwifruit, loquat, Bourbon vanilla, clary sage, oysters, crayfish, clam and
Chinese quince.
Vorbereitung Methode
1-Octanol is made commercially by sodium reduction or
high-pressure catalytic hydrogenation of the esters of naturally
occurring caprylic acid or by oligomerization of
ethylene using aluminum alkyl technology.
Definition
ChEBI: Octan-1-ol is an octanol carrying the hydroxy group at position 1. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is an octanol and a primary alcohol.
synthetische
1-Octanol may be prepared by reduction of some caprylic esters such as methyl caprylate with sodium ethoxide.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A clear colorless liquid with a penetrating aromatic odor. Insoluble in water and floats on water. Vapors heavier than air. Vapors may irritate the eyes, nose, and respiratory system.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Insoluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Attacks plastics [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 236]. Acetyl bromide reacts violently with alcohols or water [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. Mixtures of alcohols with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions. Example: an explosion will occur if dimethylbenzylcarbinol is added to 90% hydrogen peroxide then acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid. Mixtures of ethyl alcohol with concentrated hydrogen peroxide form powerful explosives. Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and 1-phenyl-2-methyl propyl alcohol tend to explode if acidified with 70% sulfuric acid [Chem. Eng. News 45(43):73. 1967; J, Org. Chem. 28:1893. 1963]. Alkyl hypochlorites are violently explosive. They are readily obtained by reacting hypochlorous acid and alcohols either in aqueous solution or mixed aqueous-carbon tetrachloride solutions. Chlorine plus alcohols would similarly yield alkyl hypochlorites. They decompose in the cold and explode on exposure to sunlight or heat. Tertiary hypochlorites are less unstable than secondary or primary hypochlorites [NFPA 491 M. 1991]. Base-catalysed reactions of isocyanates with alcohols should be carried out in inert solvents. Such reactions in the absence of solvents often occur with explosive violence [Wischmeyer 1969].
Health Hazard
Irritates skin and eyes.
Sicherheitsprofil
Poison by intravenous
route. Moderately toxic by ingestion.
Mutation data reported. A skin irritant.
Combustible liquid when exposed to heat or
flame; can react with oxidizing materials. To
fight fire, use water foam, fog, alcohol foam,
dry chemical, CO2. See also ALCOHOLS.
Carcinogenicity
There was no evidence of tumors
in the cancer screening lung adenoma study in which mice
were injected intraperitoneally with 100 and 500 mg/kg 1-
octanol three times a week for 8 weeks. This assay has
not been validated as a reliable screen for cancer.
1-Octanol is a weak skin tumor promoter when applied
three times a week for 60 weeks to mice skin that had been
initiated with dimethylbenz[a]anthracene.
Stoffwechsel
The primary aliphatic alcohols undergo two general reactions in vivo, namely oxidation to carboxylic acids and direct conjugation with glucuronic acid. The first reaction proceeds with the intermediate formation of an aldehyde, and the carboxylic acid from this may be either oxidized completely to carbon dioxide or excreted as such or combined with glucuronic acid as an ester glucuronide. The extent to which an alcohol undergoes the second reaction, i.e. direct conjugation to an ether glucuronide, appears to depend upon the speed of the first reaction, for alcohols which are rapidly oxidized form very little ether glucuronide unless given in high doses (Williams, 1959).
läuterung methode
Fractionally distil it under reduced pressure. Dry it with sodium and again fractionally distil or reflux with boric anhydride and re-distilled (b 195-205o/5mm), the distillate being neutralised with NaOH and again fractionally distilled. Also purify it by distillation from Raney nickel and by preparative GLC. [Beilstein 1 IV 1756.]
Octan-1-ol Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
