Eisen

Iron Struktur
7439-89-6
CAS-Nr.
7439-89-6
Bezeichnung:
Eisen
Englisch Name:
Iron
Synonyma:
Fe;iron powder;CARBONYL IRON;FERRUM;IRON METAL;Iron Filings;FERRONYL;IRON STANDARD SOLUTION;Iron rod;Iron granules
CBNumber:
CB8280013
Summenformel:
Fe
Molgewicht:
55.85
MOL-Datei:
7439-89-6.mol

Eisen Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt:
1535 °C(lit.)
Siedepunkt:
2750 °C(lit.)
Dichte
7.86 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Flammpunkt:
>230 °F
storage temp. 
2-8°C
Löslichkeit
H2O: soluble
Aggregatzustand
wire
Farbe
Silvery
Wichte
7.86
Geruch (Odor)
Odorless
Widerstand (resistivity)
9.71 μΩ-cm
Wasserlöslichkeit
INSOLUBLE
Sensitive 
Moisture Sensitive
Merck 
13,5109
Expositionsgrenzwerte
ACGIH: TWA 2 mg/m3
OSHA: TWA 15 mg/m3; TWA 5 mg/m3
NIOSH: IDLH 1250 mg/m3; TWA 2.5 mg/m3
Stabilität:
Stable. Reacts slowly with moist air and water. Dust may form an explosive or combustible mixture with air. Incompatible with organic acids, strong oxidizing agents, water, mineral acids.
CAS Datenbank
7439-89-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST chemische Informationen
Iron(7439-89-6)
EPA chemische Informationen
Iron (7439-89-6)
Sicherheit
  • Risiko- und Sicherheitserklärung
  • Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)
Kennzeichnung gefährlicher F,Xi
R-Sätze: 36/38-11-17
S-Sätze: 26-16-33-24/25
RIDADR  UN 3264 8/PG 3
WGK Germany  1
RTECS-Nr. NO4565500
TSCA  Yes
HazardClass  8
PackingGroup  III
HS Code  72052900
Giftige Stoffe Daten 7439-89-6(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizität LD50 oral in rat: 30gm/kg
Bildanzeige (GHS) GHS hazard pictograms
Alarmwort Achtung
Gefahrenhinweise
Code Gefahrenhinweise Gefahrenklasse Abteilung Alarmwort Symbol P-Code
H228 Entzündbarer Feststoff. Entzündbare Feststoffe Kategorie 1 Achtung
Warnung
GHS hazard pictogramssrc="/GHS02.jpg" width="20" height="20" /> P210, P240,P241, P280, P370+P378
Sicherheit
P210 Von Hitze, heißen Oberflächen, Funken, offenen Flammen und anderen Zündquellenarten fernhalten. Nicht rauchen.

Eisen Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

R36/38:Reizt die Augen und die Haut.
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
R17:Selbstentzündlich an der Luft. Spontaneously flammable in air.

S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S33:Maßnahmen gegen elektrostatische Aufladungen treffen.

Aussehen Eigenschaften

Fe (Pulver). Graues, geruchloses Pulver.

Gefahren für Mensch und Umwelt

Gefahr der Staubexplosion. Brennbar.
Nicht mit Halogenen, Halogen-Halogenverbindungen, Peroxiden und Stickstoffoxiden in Berührung bringen. Mit Ammoniumverbindungen und Perchloraten explosionsfähig. Mit Säuren Wasserstofffreisetzung (Explosionsgefahr!).
Reizt die Atmungsorgane und die Augen.

Schutzmaßnahmen und Verhaltensregeln

Geeignete Schutzhandschuhe als kurzzeitiger Staubschutz.

Verhalten im Gefahrfall

Trocken aufnehmen. Der Entsorgung zuführen. Mit Wasser nachreinigen.
Wasser.
Gefahr der Staubexplosion.

Erste Hilfe

Nach Hautkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser abwaschen.
Nach Augenkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser und geöffnetem Lidspalt mindestens 10 Minuten ausspülen. Augenarzt hinzuziehen.
Nach Einatmen: Frischluft. Arzt hinzuziehen.
Nach Verschlucken: Mund ausspülen, Wasser trinken. Bei Unwohlsein Arzt aufsuchen.
Nach Kleidungskontakt: Kontaminierte Kleidung entfernen.
Ersthelfer: siehe gesonderten Anschlag

Sachgerechte Entsorgung

Als feste Laborchemikalienabfälle.

Beschreibung

Carbonyl iron is elemental iron produced by the decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl as a dark gray powder. When viewed under a microscope having a magnifying power of 500 diameters or greater, it appears as spheres built up with concentric shells. It is stable in dry air.

Chemische Eigenschaften

Silver-white malleable metal. The only metal that can be tempered. Mechanical properties are altered by impurities, especially carbon.Iron is highly reactive chemically, a strong reducing agent, oxidizes readily in moist air, reacts with steam when hot, t

Physikalische Eigenschaften

Pure iron is a silvery-white, hard, but malleable and ductile metal that can be worked andforged into many different shapes, such as rods, wires, sheets, ingots, pipes, framing, and soon. Pure iron is reactive and forms many compounds with other elements. It is an excellentreducing agent. It oxidizes (rusts) in water and moist air and is highly reactive with most acids,releasing hydrogen from the acid. One of its main properties is that it can be magnetized andretain a magnetic field.The iron with a valence of 2 is referred to as “ferrous” in compounds (e.g., ferrous chloride= FeCl2). When the valence is 3, it is called “ferric” (e.g., ferric chloride = FeCl3).Iron’s melting point is 1,535°C, its boiling point is 2,750°C, and its density is 7.873g/cm3.

Isotopes

There are 30 isotopes of iron ranging from Fe-45 to Fe-72. The following arethe four stable isotopes with the percentage of their contribution to the element’s naturalexistence on Earth: Fe-54 = 5.845%, Fe-56 = 91.72%, Fe-57 = 2.2%, and Fe-58 =0.28%. It might be noted that Fe-54 is radioactive but is considered stable because ithas such a long half-life (3.1×10+22 years). The other isotopes are radioactive and areproduced artificially. Their half-lives range from 150 nanoseconds to 1×105 years.

Origin of Name

The name “iron” or “iren” is Anglo-Saxon, and the symbol for iron (Fe) is from ferrum, the Latin word for iron.

Charakteristisch

Iron is the only metal that can be tempered (hardened by heating, then quenching in wateror oil). Iron can become too hard and develop stresses and fractures. This can be corrected byannealing, a process that heats the iron again and then holds it at that temperature until thestresses are eliminated. Iron is a good conductor of electricity and heat. It is easily magnetized,but its magnetic properties are lost at high temperatures. Iron has four allotropic states. Thealpha form exists at room temperatures, while the other three allotropic forms exist at varyinghigher temperatures.Iron is the most important construction metal. It can be alloyed with many other metals tomake a great variety of specialty products. Its most important alloy is steel.An interesting characteristic of iron is that it is the heaviest element that can be formed byfusion of hydrogen in the sun and similar stars. Hydrogen nuclei can be “squeezed” in the sunto form all the elements with atomic numbers below cobalt (27Co), which includes iron. Itrequires the excess fusion energy of supernovas (exploding stars) to form elements with protonnumbers greater than iron (26Fe).

Verwenden

Iron is a mineral used in food fortification that is necessary for the prevention of anemia, which reduces the hemoglobin concentra- tion and thus the amount of oxygen delivered to the tissues. sources include ferric ammonium sulfate, chloride, fructose, glycerophos- phate, nitrate, phosphate, pyrophosphate and ferrous ammonium sulfate, citrate, sulfate, and sodium iron edta. the ferric form (fe3+) is iron in the highest valence state and the ferrous form (fe2+) is iron in a lower valence state. the iron source should not discolor or add taste and should be stable. iron powders produce low discoloration and rancidity. it is used for fortification in flour, baked goods, pasta, and cereal products.

Definition

iron: Symbol Fe. A silvery malleableand ductile metallic transition element;a.n. 26; r.a.m. 55.847; r.d.7.87; m.p. 1535°C; b.p. 2750°C. Themain sources are the ores haematite(Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4), limonite(FeO(OH)nH2O), ilmenite (FeTiO3),siderite (FeCO3), and pyrite (FeS2).The metal is smelted in a blast furnaceto give impure pig iron, whichis further processed to give castiron, wrought iron, and varioustypes of steel. The pure element hasthree crystal forms: alpha-iron, stablebelow 906°C with a body-centredcubicstructure; gamma-iron, stablebetween 906°C and 1403°C with anonmagnetic face-centred-cubicstructure; and delta-iron, which isthe body-centred-cubic form above1403°C. Alpha-iron is ferromagneticup to its Curie point (768°C). The elementhas nine isotopes (mass numbers52–60), and is the fourth mostabundant in the earth’s crust. It is requiredas a trace element (see essentialelement) by living organisms.Iron is quite reactive, being oxidizedby moist air, displacing hydrogenfrom dilute acids, and combiningwith nonmetallic elements. It formsionic salts and numerous complexeswith the metal in the +2 or +3 oxidationstates. Iron(VI) also exists in theferrate ion FeO42-, and the elementalso forms complexes in which its oxidationnumber is zero (e.g. Fe(CO)5).

Vorbereitung Methode

Iron ore reserves are found worldwide. Areas with more than 1 billion metric tons of reserves include Australia, China, Brazil, Canada, the United States, Venezuela, South Africa, India, the former Soviet Union, Gabon, France, Spain, Sweden, and Algeria. The ore exists in varying grades, ranging from 20 to 70% iron content. North America has been fortunate in its ore deposits. There are commercially usable quantities in 22 U.S. states and in six Canadian provinces. In the United States the most abundant supplies, discovered in the early 1890s, are located in the Lake Superior region around the Mesabi Range. Other large deposits are found in Alabama, Utah, Texas, California, Pennsylvania, and New York. These deposits, particularly the Mesabi Range reserves, seemed inexhaustible in the 1930s when an average of 30 million tons of ore was produced annually from that one range. The tremendous demand for iron ore duringWorldWar II virtually tripled the output of the Mesabi Range and severely depleted its deposits of high-grade ore. The major domestic (U.S.) production is nowfrom crude iron ore, mainly taconite, a low-grade ore composed chiefly of hematite [FeO(OH) ·H2O] and silica found in the Great Lakes region.

Allgemeine Beschreibung

A gray lustrous powder. Used in powder metallurgy and as a catalyst in chemical manufacture.

Air & Water Reaktionen

Highly flammable. May react with water to give off hydrogen, a flammable gas. The heat from this reaction may ignite the hydrogen.

Reaktivität anzeigen

Iron is pyrophoric [Bretherick, 1979 p. 170-1]. A strong reducing agent and therefore incompatible with oxidizing agents. Burns in chlorine gas [Mellor 2, Supp. 1:380 1956]. Reacts with fluorine with incandescence [Mellor 13:314, 315, 1946-1947].

Hazard

Iron dust from most iron compounds is harmful if inhaled and toxic if ingested. Iron dustand powder (even filings) are flammable and can explode if exposed to an open flame. Asmentioned, excessive iron in the diet may cause liver damage.

Health Hazard

Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases. Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.

Brandgefahr

Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by friction, heat, sparks or flames. Some may burn rapidly with flare burning effect. Powders, dusts, shavings, borings, turnings or cuttings may explode or burn with explosive violence. Substance may be transported in a molten form at a temperature that may be above its flash point. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished.

Environmental Fate

Iron occurs rarely by itself in nature due to the ease with which it forms compounds, especially in oxidation reactions. Many iron compounds are water soluble, leading to potentially high concentrations in water, especially in seawater. Iron is a necessary component of all life and it is therefore taken up readily by organisms from all sources.

läuterung methode

Clean it in conc HCl, rinse in de-ionised water, then reagent grade acetone and dry it under vacuum.

Eisen Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Upstream-Materialien

Downstream Produkte


Eisen Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

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7439-89-6(Eisen)Verwandte Suche:


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