五硫化アンチモン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
解説
五硫化二アンチモン：Sb2S5(403.85)．硫化アンチモン(Ⅴ)ともいう．テトラチオアンチモン(Ⅴ)酸塩を酸で分解するときには五硫化二アンチモンを生じる．この性質により，硫黄と三硫化二アンチモンを水酸化ナトリウム溶液に溶かしテトラチオアンチモン酸をつくったのち，希酸で酸性にして五硫化二アンチモンを沈殿させる．濃塩酸に溶けて硫化水素と硫黄を生じ，アンチモン(Ⅲ)塩になる．橙色顔料，朱肉，銅板の表面処理(硫化いぶし法)，ゴムの加硫，花火の材料に用いられる．
化学的特性
Antimony pentasulfide is an orange to dark red powder. It is doubtful whether stoichiometric Sb2S5 exists, because the preparations contain free sulfur and have variable composition. Antimony pentasulfide is insoluble in water but soluble in alkalies and alkali-metal carbonates.
物理的性質
Orange-yellow or reddish amorphous powder; density 4.12 g/cm
3; decomposes at 75°C; insoluble in water and alcohol; soluble in hydrochloric acid, caustic alkalies and ammonium hydrosulfide.
使用
As pigment; vulcanizing and coloring rubber; manufacture of matches and fireworks.
製造方法
The compound is made commercially by converting antimony trisulfide to tetrathioantimonate by boiling with sulfur in caustic soda solution:
4 Sb
2S
3 + 8 S +18 NaOH → 5 Na
3SbS
4 + 3 NaSbO
3 + 9 H
2O
The sparingly soluble sodium antimonate is filtered out of the solution. The yellow-orange antimony pentasulfide precipitates out on treatment with hydrochloric acid.
2 Na
3SbS
4 + 6 HCl → Sb
2S
5 + 6 NaCl + 3 H
2S
It may also be prepared by the reaction of antimony pentachloride in HCl with hydrogen sulfide and removing any free sulfur by extraction with carbon disulfide:
2 SbCl
5 + 5 H
2S → Sb
2S
5 + 10 HCl.
危険性
Flammable, dangerous fire risk near oxi-
dizing materials.
安全性プロファイル
Moderately toxic by
intraperitoneal route. See also ANTIMONY
COMPOUNDS and SULFIDES.
Flammable when exposed to heat or by
chemical reaction with powerful oxidtzers.
Use water to fight fire. Moderately explosive
when shocked or by spontaneous chemical
reaction in contact with powerful oxidtzers.
When heated to decomposition or on
contact with acid or acid fumes it emits
highly toxic fumes of oxides of sulfur and
antimony. Incompatible with water or steam
to produce toxic and flammable vapors and
with oxidizers, e.g., Ag(ClO3)2, HClO3,
ClO2, Mg(ClO3)2, TlO,Zn(ClO3)2.
五硫化アンチモン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品