亜硫酸水素ナトリウム 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色の粒又は粉末で、二酸化イオウのにおいがある。白色の粒又は粉末
定義
本品は、亜硫酸の一ナトリウム塩であり、次の化学式で表される。
溶解性
水に易溶, エタノールに微溶, エーテルに不溶。水に溶けやすく、エタノールにほとんど溶けない。水に溶けやすく、エタノールにほとんど溶けない。
解説
亜硫酸水素ナトリウム(sodium hydrogensulfite)：NaHSO3(104.06)．亜硫酸ナトリウムの製造と原理は同じであるが，二酸化硫黄を多く反応させると得られる．固体は単斜晶系で，密度1.48 g cm－3．空気中で徐々に酸化されて硫酸塩となる．水に可溶．低濃度(3×10－3 mol L－1)の水溶液中では，
HO-SO-O－
H-SO2-O－
の平衡が存在し，このようにして生じたH-S結合がこの塩のもつ還元性の原因と考えられる．さらに高濃度(10－2 mol L－1)では，このHSO3－イオンは，水素結合により二量化し，互変異性体の二亜硫酸イオンと平衡になる．
2HSO3－－ O2S-SO3－ ＋ H2O
市販品は2分子から1分子の水がとれたペンタオキソ二硫酸二ナトリウム(通称：二亜硫酸ナトリウム)Na2[O2S-SO3]である．この塩は水溶液にすれば亜硫酸塩と同じ性質を示すから，実用上は同じ目的に用いられる([別用語参照]ペンタオキソ二硫酸塩)．還元剤，(羊毛の)漂白剤，紙の脱塩素剤，写真の現像などに用いられる．
用途
食品保存料、皮なめし
用途
製剤、製薬原料。
用途
皮革(タンニン溶解剤)、食品(加工食品の漂白剤、保存剤)、染料及び中間物精製、写真(定着補助剤)、還元剤、漂白剤、廃液処理剤、洗剤、香料、試薬、医薬化粧品原料(配合量上限<%>が下記の通り定められている)清浄用化粧品2.0 頭髪用化粧品0.30 基礎化粧品0.10メークアップ化粧品0.10 芳香化粧品0.10 日焼け?日焼け止め化粧品4.0爪化粧品0.10 入浴用化粧品0.10
化粧品の成分用途
パーマネント.ウェーブ用還元剤、還元剤、酸化防止剤
効能
安定化剤
特長
医薬品原料薬 Add-Spec Series。
使用上の注意
空気又は光によって徐々に変化する。
化学的特性
Sodium bisulfite is a white crystalline solid. Slight odor of sulfur dioxide and a disagreeable taste. Slowly oxidized to the sulfate on exposure to air
使用
sodium bisulfite is a preservative and anti-oxidant, it is most frequently used as a pH adjuster.
一般的な説明
Also known as sodium acid sulfite or sodium hydrogen sulfite, NaHS03 is white crystals or crystalline powder that has a slight sulfurous odor and taste.Specific gravity 1.48. Strong irritant to skin and tissue. It is soluble in water,insoluble in alcohol,unstable in air,and non-combustible. Derived by saturating sodium carbonate solution with sulfur dioxide and the solution crystallized. Used as a chemical(sodium salts, cream of tartar), in vat dye preparation, textiles (antichlor, mordant, discharge), food preservative, bleaching groundwood, wool,etc., reducing agent, fermentation, antiseptic, cask sterilization (brewing), copper and brass plating,color preservative for pale crepe rubber, wood pulp digestion, analytical reagent,and as a dietary supplement.
空気と水の反応
Water soluble.
反応プロフィール
Sodium bisulfite is a reducing agent. Emits highly toxic gaseous sulfur dioxide gas when heated to decomposition or on contact with mineral acids [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 2949].
危険性
Not permitted in meats and other sources
of vitamin B
1
, strong irritant to skin and tissue.
健康ハザード
Powder is irritating to eyes, nose, and throat and can irritate skin. Ingestion may cause irritation of stomach. Very large doses cause violent colic, diarrhea, depression, and death.
火災危険
Flammable/combustible material. May ignite on contact with moist air or moisture. May burn rapidly with flare-burning effect. Some react vigorously or explosively on contact with water. Some may decompose explosively when heated or involved in a fire. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated.
接触アレルゲン
Sodium bisulfite is mainly used as an antioxidant in pharmaceutical products, as a disinfectant or bleach, and in the dye industry. The bisulfite of commerce consists chiefly of metabisulfite and possesses the same properties as the true bisulfite. So, the allergen to be tested in products containing disulfite is the corresponding metabisulfite.
安全性プロファイル
Poison by intravenous and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion. A corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Mutation data reported. An allergen. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of SO, and Na2O. See also SULFUROUS ACID and SULFITES
職業ばく露
Sodium bisulfite is used in the digestion of wood pulp, in the tanning of leather; in the dyeing of textiles; as a photographic reducing agent; as a food preservative; as an additive in electroplating; as disinfectant, bleach, antioxidant, and as inhibitor of yeast and bacteria in winemaking.
輸送方法
UN2693 Bisulfites, inorganic, aqueous solutions, n.o.s., Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material. UN3260 Bisulfites, inorganic, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material.
純化方法
Crystallise it from hot H2O (1mL/g). Dry it at 100o under vacuum for 4hours.
不和合性
Aqueous solution is a weak acid. Incompatible with strong mineral acids forming a toxic sulfur dioxide gas. A strong reducing agent, sodium bisulfite is incompatible with oxidizers, such as perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, chlorates, and nitrates. Reacts with bases forming sulfate. Slowly oxidizes to sulfate in air. Heat causes decomposition. Slowly oxidized to the sulfate on exposure to air. Contact with oxidizers or acids forms sulfur dioxide gas. Attacks some metals in the presence of moisture.
廃棄物の処理
Dump into water, add soda ash, then neutralize with HCl; flush to sewer with large volumes of water.
亜硫酸水素ナトリウム 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品