クエン酸トリナトリウム 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色の顆粒
定義
本品は、クエン酸(*)のナトリウム塩であり、次の化学式で表される。
参照表示名称：クエン酸
溶解性
水に易溶。エタノールに不溶。水に溶けやすい。
解説
クエン酸ナトリウム, 無色あるいは白色の結晶性粉末で，無臭，清涼な塩味があり，カルシウムと不溶性の塩をつくる。これを利用して血液凝固に必要な血液中のカルシウムを捕え，抗凝固剤として用いる。血沈用の 3.8%溶液 (0.4ml取り，血液で総量 2.0mlとする) ，輸血用の 10%溶液 (8～14mlに対し血液で総量 200mlとする) として用いられる。輸血の場合は体内で希釈されるので問題はない。 1.5～10%では血液凝固を阻止するが，30%では反対に凝固作用を示す。
用途
pH緩衝剤、医薬品原料、写真材料。
化粧品の成分用途
pH調整剤、キレート剤、緩衝剤、香料
効能
アルカリ化薬
説明
Sodium citrate may refer to any of the sodium salts of citric acid (though most commonly the third):
Mono sodium citrate
Di sodium citrate
Tri sodium citrate
As food additives, the 3 forms of the salt are also collectively known by the E number E331.
化学的特性
Sodium citrate is odorless and has a pleasant, acid taste. Sodium citrate is anhydrous or contains two molecules of water of crystallization
天然物の起源
Citric acid and its salts occur naturally in many plants and animals.
使用
sodium citrate may be used in cosmetic formulations as an alkalizer and to bind trace metals in solutions (by means of a chelating action). It is the sodium salt of citric acid.
主な応用
2 – 1 - Food Sodium citrate is chiefly used as a food additive E331, usually for flavor or as a preservative. Sodium citrate is employed as a flavoring agent in certain varieties of club soda. Sodium citrate is common as an ingredient in Bratwurst, and is also used in commercial ready to drink beverages and drink mixes, contributing a tart flavour.
2 – 2 - Buffer As a conjugate base of a weak acid, citrate can perform as a buffering agent or acidity regulator, resisting changes in pH. Sodium citrate is used to control acidity in some substances, such as gelatin desserts. It can be found in the mini milk containers used with coffee machines. The compound is the product of antacids, such as Alka- Seltzer, when they are dissolved in water.
2 – 3 - Medical uses In 1914, the Belgian doctor Albert Hustin and the Argentine physician and researcher Luis Agote successfully used sodium citrate as an anticoagulant in blood transfusions. It continues to be used today in blood collection tubes and for the preservation of blood in blood banks. The citrate ion chelates calcium ions in the blood by forming calcium citrate complexes, disrupting the blood clotting mechanism.
Sodium citrate is used to relieve discomfort in urinary tract infections, such as cystitis, to reduce the acidosis seen in distal renal tubular acidosis, and can also be used as an osmotic laxative. It is a major component of the WHO Oral Rehydration Solution.
製造方法
Produced by the neutralization of citric acid with sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate. May be prepared in an anhydrous state or may contain 2 mole of water per mole of sodium citrate.
一般的な説明
Citric acid trisodium salt corresponds to a molecular weight of 258 Da. It has high sodium content and sieving coefficients.
食品添加物
Sodium citrate is some times used as an acidity regulator in drinks, and also as an emulsifier for oils when making cheese. It allows the cheeses to melt with out becoming greasy. Consider the following quote from Modernist Cuisine:
Our modernist version of mac and cheese owes its chemistry to James L. Kraft, who in 1916 patented the first American cheese slice. He showed that sodium phosphate keeps the water and fat droplets mixed when the cheese is melted. We use sodium citrate, which has the same effect and is easier to find. The resulting texture is as smooth as melted American cheese, but as complex and intense in flavor as any of your favorite cheeses.
純化方法
Crystallise the salt from warm water by cooling to 0o. [Beilstein 3 III 1100, 3 IV 1274.]
クエン酸トリナトリウム 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品