発煙硫酸(8014-95-7)

発煙硫酸 製品概要
化学名:発煙硫酸
英語化学名:FUMING SULFURIC ACID
别名:SULFATE ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY STANDARD;NP C SOLUTION;TNP-201 DECOMPOSITION SOLUTION 2;dithionicacid;pyrosulphuricacid;sulfuricacid,mixtwithsulfurtrioxide;sulfuricacidmixturewithsulfurtrioxide;ALCOHOLIC SULFURIC ACID
CAS番号:8014-95-7
分子式:H2O7S2
分子量:178.14
EINECS:616-954-1
カテゴリ情報:Refined & Fuming Sulfuric Acid(Oleum);Fuming Sulfuric Acid
Mol File:8014-95-7.mol
発煙硫酸
発煙硫酸 物理性質
融点 2 °C
沸点 ~290 °C(lit.)
比重(密度) 1.925 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
蒸気密度<0.3 (25 °C, vs air)
蒸気圧1 mm Hg ( 146 °C)
貯蔵温度 Store below +30°C.
溶解性H2O: soluble
外見 Liquid
酸解離定数(Pka)1.92(at 25℃)
Colorless
比重1.925
PH<1 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)
水溶解度 Miscible with water.
Sensitive Hygroscopic
Merck 14,8974
BRN 2037554
暴露限界値ACGIH: TWA 0.2 mg/m3
OSHA: TWA 1 mg/m3
NIOSH: IDLH 15 mg/m3; TWA 1 mg/m3
Dielectric constant84(20.0℃)
安定性:Stable. Incompatible with organic materials, powdered metals, bases, halides. Reacts violently with water. Very hygroscopic.
CAS データベース8014-95-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPAの化学物質情報Fuming sulfuric acid (8014-95-7)
安全性情報
主な危険性 C
Rフレーズ 36/38-37-35-14-34
Sフレーズ 26-30-45-36/37/39
RIDADR UN 3264 8/PG 3
OEBC
OELTWA: 1.0 mg/m3
WGK Germany 1
RTECS 番号WS5600000
3
TSCA Yes
国連危険物分類 8
容器等級 II
HSコード 28070000
有毒物質データの8014-95-7(Hazardous Substances Data)
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
ACROS English
SigmaAldrich English
ALFA English
発煙硫酸 Usage And Synthesis
外観無色~わずかにうすい褐色, 油状の液体, 又は白色~わずかにうすい褐色, 結晶
溶解性水に分解。硫酸と任意の割合で混和する。
解説

濃硫酸に多量の三酸化硫黄(いおう)SO3を吸収させたもの。SO3の含有量の低いものは粘性のある油状の液体で、オレウムoleumともよばれる。つねに三酸化硫黄の蒸気を発して白煙を出すのでこの名がある。接触式硫酸製造法において、三酸化硫黄の溶解量(遊離SO3という)が30%以下のものがつくられる(これを水で希釈して濃硫酸としている)。SO3濃度が高くなると固体となる。おもな成分は二硫酸H2S2O7のようなポリ硫酸である。SO3 25%の比重1.9262(15℃)。融点-11℃(SO3 20%)、-0.6℃(SO3 25%)、15.2℃(SO3 30%)。水に触れると強く発熱する。ほとんどの金属を侵す。皮膚に触れると重症のやけどを生じるので取扱い注意。クロロ硫酸の原料として染料、火薬、薬品の原料に用いられる。

用途有機及び無機合成原料(スルホン化剤)、油脂及び鉱油の精製、濃硫酸の再生。
用途

発煙硫酸中のSO3の求電子性を利用した強力なスルホン化剤,脱水剤であり,各種スルホン酸,ニトロ化合物製造用,不飽和炭化水素の吸収剤に用いられる.

用途有機及び無機化合物合成原料(スルホン化剤)、油脂及び鉱油の精製、濃硫酸の再生。
用途有機及び無機合成原料。
製法

大気中の水分と三酸化硫黄蒸気から生じる硫酸霧の白煙を発生するのでこの名がある.

使用上の注意発煙性及び刺激性が強い。
説明Fuming sulfuric acid is also called oleum, which is a trade name. It is a heavy, oily liquid, colorless to dark brown depending on purity, and fumes strongly in moist air and is extremely hygroscopic. Fuming sulfuric acid is a solution of sulfur trioxide in sulfuric acid. Sulfur trioxide is forced into solution with sulfuric acid to the point that the solution cannot hold any more. As soon as the solution is exposed to air, the fuming begins, forming dense vapor clouds. It is violently water reactive, as are most acids. Oleum is also a strong irritant to tissue. The four-digit UN identification number is 1831.
化学的特性Sulfuric acid is a colorless to dark brown, odorless, oily liquid which is commercially sold @ 93% to 98% H2SO4, the remainder being water.
化学的特性viscous liquid, is a mixture of sulfur trioxide dissolved in sulfuric acid. The SO3 content may range between 15 and 30%.
物理的性質Dithionic acid, H2S2O6, is a chemical compound known only in solution. This acid is dibasic and salts called dithionates are known. All dithionates are readily soluble in water. They are mild oxidizing and mild reducing agents.
使用65% Sulfur Trioxide (Fuming) in Sulfuric Acid is a useful reagent that is widely used in the preparation of various compounds. It has been used for processing sulfonated polyoxadizole into ion-conducting films.
使用In manufacture of fertilizers, explosives, dyestuffs, other acids, parchment paper, glue, purification of petroleum, pickling of metal.
一般的な説明Thick fuming yellow liquid. Density 16.5 lb / gal. Very toxic by inhalation. Corrosive to metals and tissue, quickly causing severe burns. Used to make chemicals, dyes, explosives and in petroleum refining.
空気と水の反応Fumes in air. Soluble in water; dissolution generates dangerous amounts of heat that can cause localized boiling and spattering of the acidic mixture and generate heavy fumes. During sulfonation of mononitrobenzene with fuming sulfuric acid, a leak from an internal cooling coil permitted water to enter the reaction tank. A violent eruption occurred due to the heat of solution [MCA Case History 944(1963)].
反応プロフィールSULFURIC ACID reacts as a strong acid, as an oxidizing agent and as a dehydrating agent. Chars wood, sugar and many other organic materials on contact. The heat from these reactions may ignite the wood, sugar or organic matter. May react explosively with acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acetonitrile, acrolein, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, allyl alcohol, allyl chloride, ammonium hydroxide, aniline, cresol, butyraldehyde, cumene, ethyl acetate, ethylene diamine, ethylene glycol, glyoxal, isoprene, isopropyl alcohol, methyl ethyl ketone, propylene oxide, pyridine, styrene, vinyl acetate; strong bases (sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide) or mineral acids (nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid) [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 1195]. Mixing in equal molar portions with any of the following substances in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase: 2-aminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide (28%), chlorosulfonic acid, ethylenediamine, ethyleneimine, ethylene cyanohydrin, hydrochloric acid (36%), hydrofluoric acid (48.7%), isopropyl alcohol, nitric acid (70%), 2-nitropropane, propiolactone, propylene oxide, pyridine, styrene monomer, sodium hydroxide, sulfolane, vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride [NFPA 1991]. Extremely hazardous in contact with carbides, bromates, chlorates, fulminates, picrates, and powdered metals. May induce violent polymerization in polymerizable organic compounds such as allyl chloride. Reacts exothermically with sodium hypochlorite to produce chlorine gas.
危険性Reacts violently with water. Strong irritant to tissue.
健康ハザードAcid mist is irritating to eyes, nose and throat. Liquid causes severe burns of skin and eyes.
健康ハザードOleum is an extremely corrosive substance. It emits suffocating fumes of sulfur trioxide that can cause severe lung damage. Skin contact can cause severe burns.
LC50 value, inhalation (rats): 347 ppm/L/h.
火災危険Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic and irritating vapors are generated.
化学性质発煙硫酸は空気中で白煙を発生する。
安全性プロファイルConfirmed human carcinogen. A poison. Moderately toxic by inhalation. A corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. A very dangerous fire hazard by chemical reaction with reducing agents and carbohydrates. A severe explosion hazard by chemical reaction with acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acetonitrile, acrolein, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, allylalcohol, allyl chloride, 2-amino ethanol, NH4OH, aniline, cresol, n-butyraldehyde, cumene, dichloroethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diisobutylene, epichlorohydrin, ethyl acetate, ethylene cyanohydrin, ethylene diamine, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, ethylene imine, glyoxal, HCl, HF, isoprene, isopropyl alcohol, mesityl oxide, methyl ethyl ketone, HNO3, 2-nitropropane7 p-propiolacetone, propylene oxide, pyridine, NaOH, styrene monomer, vinylidene chloride, sulfolane, vinyl acetate. Will react with water or steam to produce heat and toxic and corrosive fumes. Can react vigorously with reducing materials. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of SOx. See also SULFUROUS ACID.
職業ばく露Used as a chemical feedstock in the manufacture of acetic acid, hydrochloric acid; citric acid; phosphoric acid; aluminum sulfate; ammonium sulfate;barium sulfate; copper sulfate; phenol, superphosphates, titanium dioxide; as well as synthetic fertilizers, nitrate explosives; artificial fibers; dyes, pharmaceuticals, detergents, glue, paint, and paper. It finds use as a dehydrating agent for esters and ethers due to its high affinity for water; as an electrolyte in storage batteries; for the hydrolysis of cellulose to obtain glucose; in the refining of mineral and vegetable oil; and in the leather industry. Other uses include fur and food processing; carbonization of wool fabrics; gas drying; uranium extraction from pitchblende; and laboratory analysis. Sulfuric acid is among the highestvolume produced chemical in the United States.
輸送方法UN1830 Sulfuric acid with >51% acid or sulfuric acid with not >51% acid, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material. UN1831 Sulfuric acid, fuming with 30% or more free sulfur trioxide and Sulfuric acid, fuming, with <30% free sulfur trioxide, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material. UN1832 Sulfuric acid, spent, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material.
不和合性A strong acid and oxidizer. Reacts violently with water with dangerous spattering and evolution of heat. Reacts violently with combustible and reducing materials; bases, organic materials; chlorates, carbides, picrates, fulminates, water, powdered metals. Corrosive to most common metals forming explosive hydrogen gas.
廃棄物の処理Add slowly to solution of soda ash and slaked lime with stirring; flush to drain with large volumes of water. Recovery and reuse of spent sulfuric acid may be a viable alternative to disposal, and processes are available.
Tags:8014-95-7