Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API), popularly speaking, are the raw materials of medicines, only pharmaceutical raw materials are processed into pharmaceutical preparations , can they become medicines available for clinical use, so drugs we usually eat are the finished drugs through processing. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients based on its sources can be divided into two major categories ,including chemical synthetic drugs and natural chemical drugs. Chemical synthetic drugs can be divided into organic synthetic drugs and inorganic synthetic drugs. Inorganic synthetic drugs are inorganic compounds ( very few is element), such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium trisilicate which are used for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers ; organic synthetic drugs are mainly composed of drugs made by basic organic chemical raw materials, through a series of organic chemical reactions (such as aspirin, chloramphenicol, caffeine, etc.). Natural chemical drugs ,based on its sources,can be divided into two categories including biochemical drugs and plant chemical drugs. Antibiotics are generally made by the microbial fermentation, which belongs to the biochemistry category. A variety of semi-synthetic antibiotics occurs in recent years,which are biosynthesis and chemical synthesis combining products.Among active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, the organic synthetic drugs varieties, yields and values have the largest proportion,which are the main pillars of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The quality of active Pharmaceutical Ingredients decides whether the formulation is good or bad , so its quality standards are very strict ,countries in the world have developed national pharmacopoeia standards and strict quality control methods for its widely used active Pharmaceutical ingredients.
17-Methyltestosterone: Overview and Effects in Pseudorasbora Parva
17-Methyltestosterone, an endocrine-disrupting compound, disrupts fish reproduction and contaminates water, prompting bans and highlighting the need for further environmental research.
Feb 7,2024 APIStanozolol as a therapeutic agent in dermatology
Stanozolol aids in treating certain dermatological conditions but requires cautious use due to potential hepatic and androgenic side effects.
Feb 7,2024 APIDomperidone: A Benzimidazole Derivative's Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics in Treating Gastrointestinal Disorders
Domperidone, with limited brain access, variably treats nausea and GORD, facing efficacy debates and comparisons to ondansetron, especially in children.
Feb 6,2024 APIDimethocaine: Exploring the Metabolic Pathways of a Synthetic Cocaine Derivative
Dimethocaine metabolism involves P450 enzymes, especially P450 3A4 and 2D6 for hepatic clearance, and NAT2 for crucial N-acetylation, highlighting its complex biotransformation.
Feb 6,2024 APIRegorafenib for the Treatment of Sarcoma
Regorafenib shows promise in treating sarcomas by targeting multiple pathways and improving progression-free survival, with manageable side effects like hypertension and hand-foot skin reaction.
Feb 6,2024 APIAdverse Reactions to Ornidazole: Liver Damage and Fixed Drug Reactions
Ornidazole can cause severe liver damage and fixed drug reactions, necessitating prompt recognition and withdrawal for appropriate management.
Feb 6,2024 APIApalutamide: A Promising Pharmacodynamic Drug for Prostate Cancer Treatment
Apalutamide inhibits prostate cancer growth, decreases tumor volume, and exhibits dose-proportional pharmacokinetics. Adverse events include fatigue, hypertension, rash, and fractures.
Feb 6,2024 APIRonidazole: A Potent Antiprotozoal with Carcinogenic Concerns
Ronidazole is a potent antiprotozoal medication used to treat trichomonal and Giardia infections. It may cause side effects such as vomiting and neurological signs.
Feb 6,2024 APIDeflazacort: A Glucocorticoid Prodrug for the Treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Deflazacort is a glucocorticoid prodrug used in DMD, with anti-inflammatory effects and potential muscle-related benefits. Safety concerns include adverse effects and drug interactions.
Feb 6,2024 APIPaliperidone: A Safe and Effective Treatment Option for Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder
Paliperidone is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for schizophrenia, with benefits in symptom reduction, relapse prevention, and cognitive improvement.
Feb 6,2024 API