Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API), popularly speaking, are the raw materials of medicines, only pharmaceutical raw materials are processed into pharmaceutical preparations , can they become medicines available for clinical use, so drugs we usually eat are the finished drugs through processing. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients based on its sources can be divided into two major categories ,including chemical synthetic drugs and natural chemical drugs. Chemical synthetic drugs can be divided into organic synthetic drugs and inorganic synthetic drugs. Inorganic synthetic drugs are inorganic compounds ( very few is element), such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium trisilicate which are used for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers ; organic synthetic drugs are mainly composed of drugs made by basic organic chemical raw materials, through a series of organic chemical reactions (such as aspirin, chloramphenicol, caffeine, etc.). Natural chemical drugs ,based on its sources,can be divided into two categories including biochemical drugs and plant chemical drugs. Antibiotics are generally made by the microbial fermentation, which belongs to the biochemistry category. A variety of semi-synthetic antibiotics occurs in recent years,which are biosynthesis and chemical synthesis combining products.Among active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, the organic synthetic drugs varieties, yields and values have the largest proportion,which are the main pillars of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The quality of active Pharmaceutical Ingredients decides whether the formulation is good or bad , so its quality standards are very strict ,countries in the world have developed national pharmacopoeia standards and strict quality control methods for its widely used active Pharmaceutical ingredients.
OMadacycline (Tosylate): A Promising Tetracycline Antibiotic for the Treatment of Bacterial Infections
OMadacycline (tosylate) is a potent tetracycline antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to ribosome, with broad effectiveness against resistant strains and moderate half-life.
Jan 29,2024 APIApremilast Uses and Relevance to the Military
Apremilast effectively treats psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, offering advantages for military personnel in austere conditions. Common side effects are manageable and outweighed by the benefits.
Jan 29,2024 APIDexmedetomidine hydrochloride: Pharmacokinetic profile, pharmacodynamic profile and dosage
Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride is an intravenous medication with linear pharmacokinetics, rapid distribution and extensive liver metabolism. It can be used for ICU sedation based on RASS score.
Jan 29,2024 APIPreparation and Flame Test of Calcium Chloride
Calcium chloride is an ionic compound,It is odourless and has a very high enthalpy change of solution. This compound is widely used for dust control and de-icing and displays an orange-red flame when
Jan 26,2024 APIWhat are the uses and benefits of Tributyl phosphate?
Tributyl phosphate (TBP) is a widespread extracting agent generally used in processing transuranium elements and removing them from wastewaters of the nuclear industry.
Jan 26,2024 APISodium Stearyl Fumarate: An Essential Lubricant in Solid Dosage Forms with Safety Considerations
Sodium Stearyl Fumarate is a widely used lubricant in solid dosage forms, but caution is needed due to potential incompatibility issues and the need for proper handling.
Jan 26,2024 APIDimethomorph: Pharmacokinetics, Mammalian Toxicity and Ecotoxicology
Dimethomorph is readily absorbed, rapidly metabolized, and efficiently eliminated from the body, showing low toxicity to mammals but adverse effects on liver and testes, with low ecotoxicity risks.
Jan 26,2024 APIPiroxicam: Pharmacokinetics, Mechanism of Action and Toxicology Studies
Piroxicam, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with linear pharmacokinetics and a half-life of 30 to 60 hours, inhibits prostaglandin synthesis. High doses cause adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Jan 26,2024 APIBaloxavir Marboxil: A Cap-Dependent Endonuclease Inhibitor for the Treatment of Influenza
Baloxavir marboxil is a novel influenza treatment with single-dose administration, inhibiting viral gene transcription. Further research needed for efficacy and safety outside 48-hour window.
Jan 26,2024 APIPalladium-Catalyzed Reaction of 2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone with Aryl Bromides
Palladium-catalyzed reaction of 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone undergoes successive multiple arylation, with potential for selective synthesis using different aryl bromides and ligands.
Jan 26,2024 API