Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API), popularly speaking, are the raw materials of medicines, only pharmaceutical raw materials are processed into pharmaceutical preparations , can they become medicines available for clinical use, so drugs we usually eat are the finished drugs through processing. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients based on its sources can be divided into two major categories ,including chemical synthetic drugs and natural chemical drugs. Chemical synthetic drugs can be divided into organic synthetic drugs and inorganic synthetic drugs. Inorganic synthetic drugs are inorganic compounds ( very few is element), such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium trisilicate which are used for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers ; organic synthetic drugs are mainly composed of drugs made by basic organic chemical raw materials, through a series of organic chemical reactions (such as aspirin, chloramphenicol, caffeine, etc.). Natural chemical drugs ,based on its sources,can be divided into two categories including biochemical drugs and plant chemical drugs. Antibiotics are generally made by the microbial fermentation, which belongs to the biochemistry category. A variety of semi-synthetic antibiotics occurs in recent years,which are biosynthesis and chemical synthesis combining products.Among active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, the organic synthetic drugs varieties, yields and values have the largest proportion,which are the main pillars of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The quality of active Pharmaceutical Ingredients decides whether the formulation is good or bad , so its quality standards are very strict ,countries in the world have developed national pharmacopoeia standards and strict quality control methods for its widely used active Pharmaceutical ingredients.
Potassium nonafluoro-1-butanesulfonate: properties, applications and safety
Potassium nonafluoro-1-butanesulfonate, a stable fluorinating reagent, is widely used in organic synthesis and material production, offering low health risk with proper handling.
Nov 27,2023 APIBenzenesulfinic acid sodium salt: applications in organic synthesis and safety
Benzenesulfinic acid sodium salt is a versatile compound used in organic synthesis for sulfur incorporation and solid-phase synthesis, but requires strict safety precautions.
Nov 27,2023 APIHow to form the Lewis structure and hybrid mode of H2S
The Lewis structure of H2S consists of a central sulphur atom (S) and two external hydrogen atoms (H) at a 92.1° degree bond angle.
Nov 24,2023 APIHow are SF6 Lewis structures and hybrids formed
The SF6 Lewis structure consists of a central atom, sulphur (S), and six outer atoms, fluorine (F). The sulphur atom (S) and each fluorine atom (F) are connected by a single bond, with three lone pair
Nov 24,2023 APIGeranyl linalool: properties, applications and toxicity
Geranyl linalool, a versatile terpene, is widely used in fragrances and cosmetics due to its safety and pleasant aroma.
Nov 24,2023 APIEleutheroside A: activities and safety
Eleutheroside A from Eleutherococcus senticosus shows promise in cancer, colitis, and liver disease treatment, but requires further toxicity research.
Nov 24,2023 APIRucaparib: pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and side effects
Rucaparib, a potent PARP inhibitor, demonstrates strong anti-cancer activity but poses potential adverse effects.
Nov 24,2023 APINinhydrin hydrate: history and applications
Ninhydrin hydrate's accidental discovery led to its applications in detecting primary amino groups and developing fingerprints.
Nov 24,2023 APIToxic hygroscopic contact reaction to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
Exposure to organic solvents such as NMP may result in neurological toxicity, inhalation in high concentrations causing headache, giddiness, mental confusion and nausea, and ingestion abdominal pain,
Nov 23,2023 APIIs Apigenin a dietary supplement?
Yes, apigenin can be used as a dietary supplement in everyday life, in fact, it is found in fruits, vegetables, herbs and beverages that we consume on a daily basis.
Nov 23,2023 API