Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API), popularly speaking, are the raw materials of medicines, only pharmaceutical raw materials are processed into pharmaceutical preparations , can they become medicines available for clinical use, so drugs we usually eat are the finished drugs through processing. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients based on its sources can be divided into two major categories ,including chemical synthetic drugs and natural chemical drugs. Chemical synthetic drugs can be divided into organic synthetic drugs and inorganic synthetic drugs. Inorganic synthetic drugs are inorganic compounds ( very few is element), such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium trisilicate which are used for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers ; organic synthetic drugs are mainly composed of drugs made by basic organic chemical raw materials, through a series of organic chemical reactions (such as aspirin, chloramphenicol, caffeine, etc.). Natural chemical drugs ,based on its sources,can be divided into two categories including biochemical drugs and plant chemical drugs. Antibiotics are generally made by the microbial fermentation, which belongs to the biochemistry category. A variety of semi-synthetic antibiotics occurs in recent years,which are biosynthesis and chemical synthesis combining products.Among active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, the organic synthetic drugs varieties, yields and values have the largest proportion,which are the main pillars of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The quality of active Pharmaceutical Ingredients decides whether the formulation is good or bad , so its quality standards are very strict ,countries in the world have developed national pharmacopoeia standards and strict quality control methods for its widely used active Pharmaceutical ingredients.
Isotretinoin: mechanism of action and clinical applications
Isotretinoin effectively treats skin diseases by reducing inflammation, regulating cell growth, and inhibiting bacteria. It is commonly used for severe acne and other conditions.
Jul 24,2023 APICaffeic acid: pharmacokinetics and clinical applications
Caffeic acid, a natural polyphenol, has health benefits including antioxidant effects, potential cancer prevention, diabetes management, and weight loss promotion.
Jul 24,2023 APIExploring the applications and toxicology of tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate
Tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate used in gelatin membranes, potentiometric sensors, superhydrophobic coatings, but highly toxic and requires careful handling.
Jul 24,2023 APIColchicine: mechanism of action, activities and side effects
Colchicine binds to tubulins, disrupting microtubule assembly. It has anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and cardiovascular protective effects but can cause various side effects.
Jul 24,2023 APIBromobenzene: metabolism and applications
Bromobenzene is a yellow crystalline solid with high toxicity. It has been studied for its metabolism, toxic effects, and use as a flame retardant in polymers.
Jul 21,2023 APIPolyphosphoric acid: a potential additives in modified bitumen
Polyphosphoric acid is a viscous additive used in asphalt to improve compatibility, enhance stiffness, and modify colloidal structure. It shows potential as a cost-effective alternative.
Jul 21,2023 APIDimethylamine hydrochloride: applications and toxicology
Dimethylamine hydrochloride is a chemical compound used in pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and organic synthesis. It has antibacterial properties but is toxic to humans if mishandled.
Jul 21,2023 APIChloroacetyl chloride: applications in synthesis and toxicology
Chloroacetyl chloride is versatile in organic synthesis, used for anti-tumor drug research, surfactant preparation, but highly toxic and requires caution in handling.
Jul 21,2023 APIMesitylene: Applications in various fields
Mesitylene's versatility and unique properties have positioned it as a valuable compound in various fields.
Jul 21,2023 APIApixaban: mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamic and applications
Apixaban is a potent and selective inhibitor of factor Xa, with strong antithrombotic activity.
Jul 20,2023 API