Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API), popularly speaking, are the raw materials of medicines, only pharmaceutical raw materials are processed into pharmaceutical preparations , can they become medicines available for clinical use, so drugs we usually eat are the finished drugs through processing. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients based on its sources can be divided into two major categories ,including chemical synthetic drugs and natural chemical drugs. Chemical synthetic drugs can be divided into organic synthetic drugs and inorganic synthetic drugs. Inorganic synthetic drugs are inorganic compounds ( very few is element), such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium trisilicate which are used for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers ; organic synthetic drugs are mainly composed of drugs made by basic organic chemical raw materials, through a series of organic chemical reactions (such as aspirin, chloramphenicol, caffeine, etc.). Natural chemical drugs ,based on its sources,can be divided into two categories including biochemical drugs and plant chemical drugs. Antibiotics are generally made by the microbial fermentation, which belongs to the biochemistry category. A variety of semi-synthetic antibiotics occurs in recent years,which are biosynthesis and chemical synthesis combining products.Among active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, the organic synthetic drugs varieties, yields and values have the largest proportion,which are the main pillars of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The quality of active Pharmaceutical Ingredients decides whether the formulation is good or bad , so its quality standards are very strict ,countries in the world have developed national pharmacopoeia standards and strict quality control methods for its widely used active Pharmaceutical ingredients.
Calcium fluoride: formation, toxicology and applications
Calcium fluoride formed from calcium-rich solutions and fluoride compounds in the Earth's crust. Used in optics, dental care, industrial processes, but high consumption may be toxic.
Jul 20,2023 APIα-Lipoic acid: pharmacokinetics and activities
α-Lipoic acid exhibits a wide range of potential health benefits, including antioxidant activity, antidiabetic effects, and anticancer properties.
Jul 20,2023 APIL-Serine: an essential compound with key roles in physiological activities
L-Serine play a key role in CNS, energy metabolism, DNA synthesis and has potential for therapy and biotech applications.
Jul 20,2023 APIPyromellitic dianhydride: applications and toxicology
Pyromellitic dianhydride has various applications in polymer synthesis, wastewater treatment, solar cell fabrication, but it also has toxicity concerns.
Jul 20,2023 APITosylmethyl isocyanide: applications in organic synthesis and safety
Tosylmethyl isocyanide is a versatile reagent for heterocyclic and ketone synthesis. Safety precautions required.
Jul 20,2023 APIChloroquine diphosphate: pharmacokinetics and clinical applications
Chloroquine diphosphate can treat malaria and amebiasis, also used for managing rheumatoid arthritis.
Jul 20,2023 APIMagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: synthesis and biomedical applications
Dendrimer-based magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles offer versatile applications in biomedical fields, including magnetic resonance imaging and drug/gene delivery.
Jul 20,2023 API2-Methylbutane: toxicology, pharmacokinetics and applications
2-Methylbutane can irritate the skin, cause respiratory effects when inhaled, and pose risks if ingested. Caution is needed due to its flammability.
Jul 19,2023 APISuvorexant: pharmacokinetics, clinical applications and side effects
Suvorexant promotes sleep, high bioavailability, binds plasma proteins, metabolized by CYP3A enzymes, eliminated through feces/urine.
Jul 17,2023 API2,6-Lutidine: applications and safety
2,6-Lutidine is used in Pickering emulsion, anticancer research, and synthesis of ketones. Requires proper safety measures.
Jul 17,2023 API