Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API), popularly speaking, are the raw materials of medicines, only pharmaceutical raw materials are processed into pharmaceutical preparations , can they become medicines available for clinical use, so drugs we usually eat are the finished drugs through processing. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients based on its sources can be divided into two major categories ,including chemical synthetic drugs and natural chemical drugs. Chemical synthetic drugs can be divided into organic synthetic drugs and inorganic synthetic drugs. Inorganic synthetic drugs are inorganic compounds ( very few is element), such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium trisilicate which are used for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers ; organic synthetic drugs are mainly composed of drugs made by basic organic chemical raw materials, through a series of organic chemical reactions (such as aspirin, chloramphenicol, caffeine, etc.). Natural chemical drugs ,based on its sources,can be divided into two categories including biochemical drugs and plant chemical drugs. Antibiotics are generally made by the microbial fermentation, which belongs to the biochemistry category. A variety of semi-synthetic antibiotics occurs in recent years,which are biosynthesis and chemical synthesis combining products.Among active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, the organic synthetic drugs varieties, yields and values have the largest proportion,which are the main pillars of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The quality of active Pharmaceutical Ingredients decides whether the formulation is good or bad , so its quality standards are very strict ,countries in the world have developed national pharmacopoeia standards and strict quality control methods for its widely used active Pharmaceutical ingredients.
Bioavailability and Toxicity of Ribavirin
Ribavirin (also known as ICN-1229, RTCA, tribavirin), an analog of guanosine, has an unusually wide spectrum of antiviral activity in vitro, perhaps the broadest spectrum against both DNA and RNA viru
Apr 8,2022 APIMechanism and Toxicity of Clevudine
Clevudine (L-FMAU) is the unnatural L-enantiomer of the natural nucleoside D-thymidine and has potent antiviral activity against hepadnaviruses including hepatitis B virus (HBV) in vitro and in vivo.
Apr 8,2022 APIUses and toxicity of Torcitabine
Torcitabine (b-L-2u-deoxycytidine) (L-dC) is the b-L-enantiomer of the natural nucleoside D-cytidine. The drug is currently under development by Idenix as an antiviral agent for the treatment of chron
Apr 8,2022 APIThe Pharmacology of ketoprofen
Ketoprofen (3-benzoyl-α-methylphenylacetic acid) is a 2-arylpropionic acid potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
Apr 8,2022 APIThe role of retinoic acid in medicine
Retinoic acid, the molecular formula is C20H28O2, is the metabolic intermediate product of vitamin A in the body.
Apr 8,2022 APIImportant applications of calcium phosphate
Calcium phosphate, chemical formula Ca3(PO4)2, is a white crystal or amorphous powder, insoluble in ethanol and acetone.
Apr 8,2022 APIApplication of diethyl phthalate in production and life
Diethyl phthalate is a chemical with the molecular formula C12H14O4.
Apr 8,2022 APIDifferent applications of isophthalic acid
Isophthalic acid (IPA), also known as 1, 3-phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, molecular formula C8H604, molecular weight 166.13
Apr 8,2022 APIThe preparation method of potassium bromide
Potassium bromide is an inorganic substance with a chemical formula of KBr and a relative molecular mass of 119.
Apr 8,2022 APIApplication of ferrocene in chemical reactions
Ferrocene is an organic transition metal compound with aromatic properties. Its chemical formula is Fe(C5H5)2.
Apr 8,2022 API