Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API), popularly speaking, are the raw materials of medicines, only pharmaceutical raw materials are processed into pharmaceutical preparations , can they become medicines available for clinical use, so drugs we usually eat are the finished drugs through processing. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients based on its sources can be divided into two major categories ,including chemical synthetic drugs and natural chemical drugs. Chemical synthetic drugs can be divided into organic synthetic drugs and inorganic synthetic drugs. Inorganic synthetic drugs are inorganic compounds ( very few is element), such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium trisilicate which are used for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers ; organic synthetic drugs are mainly composed of drugs made by basic organic chemical raw materials, through a series of organic chemical reactions (such as aspirin, chloramphenicol, caffeine, etc.). Natural chemical drugs ,based on its sources,can be divided into two categories including biochemical drugs and plant chemical drugs. Antibiotics are generally made by the microbial fermentation, which belongs to the biochemistry category. A variety of semi-synthetic antibiotics occurs in recent years,which are biosynthesis and chemical synthesis combining products.Among active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, the organic synthetic drugs varieties, yields and values have the largest proportion,which are the main pillars of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The quality of active Pharmaceutical Ingredients decides whether the formulation is good or bad , so its quality standards are very strict ,countries in the world have developed national pharmacopoeia standards and strict quality control methods for its widely used active Pharmaceutical ingredients.
Dihydrocoumarin: An HDAC Inhibitor with Implications for DNA Repair, Aging, and One - Pot Synthesis
Dihydrocoumarin is a compound in Melilotus officinalis and a flavoring agent that inhibits the NAD-dependent histone deacetylase Sir2 in yeast.
Apr 17,2025 APIDehydroepiandrosterone acetate: a natural hormone
Dehydroepiandrosterone acetate (DHEA)is involved in various physiological functions and has been studied in diseases and clinical applications.
Apr 17,2025 APIPemetrexed Disodium: From Clinical Trials to Purity Control and Synthesis
Pemetrexed disodium is a new multitargeted antifolate and the first chemotherapy agent approved in combination with cisplatin.
Apr 16,2025 APIPharmacological and Clinical Attributes of Levobupivacaine hydrochloride
Levobupivacaine hydrochloride is an amide-type local anaesthetic that reversibly binds voltage-gated sodium channels to cause analgesia and anesthesia.
Apr 15,2025 APISomatostatin: Insights into Hormone Function, Receptor Architecture, and Clinical Utility
Somatostatin is a naturally occurring inhibitory hormone widely distributed in the CNS and peripheral tissues, with two main active forms.
Apr 15,2025 API6-Shogaol: From Biological Activities to Micellar Delivery Enhancement
6-shogaol is a promising anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory agent while the treatment effectiveness is limited by poor water solubility.
Apr 14,2025 APIUnraveling Proteases' Diverse Roles
Proteases are produced by the pancreas, and they are also found in some fruits, bacteria and other microbes and digestive tract produces three different forms.
Apr 14,2025 APIExenatide Acetate: A Multifaceted Antidiabetic with Established Efficacy and Evolving Formulations
Exenatide is a unique agent which can effectively control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus without producing dangerous adverse effects.
Apr 14,2025 APIYohimbine Hydrochloride: From Probing CYP2D6 Activity to Its Diverse Therapeutic Potential and Risks
Yohimbine hydrochloride is a supplement derived from yohimbe bark, used for erectile dysfunction and weight loss.
Apr 11,2025 APIMultifaceted Roles of Pyrene
Pyrene is a pollutant in the environment and affects the health of living organisms which is important to understand microbial-mediated pyrene resistance.
Apr 11,2025 API