Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API), popularly speaking, are the raw materials of medicines, only pharmaceutical raw materials are processed into pharmaceutical preparations , can they become medicines available for clinical use, so drugs we usually eat are the finished drugs through processing. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients based on its sources can be divided into two major categories ,including chemical synthetic drugs and natural chemical drugs. Chemical synthetic drugs can be divided into organic synthetic drugs and inorganic synthetic drugs. Inorganic synthetic drugs are inorganic compounds ( very few is element), such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium trisilicate which are used for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers ; organic synthetic drugs are mainly composed of drugs made by basic organic chemical raw materials, through a series of organic chemical reactions (such as aspirin, chloramphenicol, caffeine, etc.). Natural chemical drugs ,based on its sources,can be divided into two categories including biochemical drugs and plant chemical drugs. Antibiotics are generally made by the microbial fermentation, which belongs to the biochemistry category. A variety of semi-synthetic antibiotics occurs in recent years,which are biosynthesis and chemical synthesis combining products.Among active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, the organic synthetic drugs varieties, yields and values have the largest proportion,which are the main pillars of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The quality of active Pharmaceutical Ingredients decides whether the formulation is good or bad , so its quality standards are very strict ,countries in the world have developed national pharmacopoeia standards and strict quality control methods for its widely used active Pharmaceutical ingredients.
Amygdalin: History, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity
Amygdalin, once considered a cancer treatment, poses significant poisoning risks, particularly in children, leading to regulatory bans due to its ineffectiveness and toxicity.
Sep 29,2024 APIABS Resins: Industrial Applications, Advantages and Disadvantages
ABS Resins offer impact resistance, high strength, and versatility but have drawbacks like poor weather and fire resistance, limiting their use in some applications.
Sep 29,2024 API1,3-Cyclohexanedione: A Versatile Catalyst with Health and Environmental Considerations
1,3-Cyclohexanedione is a reactive cyclic diketone used in catalysis, posing health hazards and environmental risks that require careful handling and disposal.
Sep 29,2024 APIPoly(hexamethylenebiguanide)hydrochloride: The double-edged sword effect of highly effective antimicrobials
Poly(hexamethylenebiguanide)hydrochloride is a safe and effective broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent and has the advantages of broad spectrum, high efficiency and stability.
Sep 26,2024 APIStudy on pharmacological action and application of salidroside
Salidroside is a natural bioactive component with significant medicinal value. It is mainly extracted from rhodiola plants or synthesized artificially.
Sep 26,2024 APIFenofibrate: Pharmacological Activities, Pharmacokinetic Properties and Therapeutic Efficacy
Fenofibrate, through its metabolite fenofibric acid, activates PPAR-alpha to lower triglycerides and improve cardiovascular outcomes, notably in dyslipidemic patients.
Sep 25,2024 API2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione: History and Versatility in Organic Synthesis
Meldrum's acid, synthesized by Meldrum in the early 20th century, is crucial for organic synthesis, notably in multicomponent reactions and heterocycle formation.
Sep 25,2024 APIBenzyl Acetate: Physical Properties, Usages and Toxicity
Benzyl acetate, a floral-scented liquid used in perfumes and cleaners, has a high boiling point, low water solubility, and moderate acute toxicity, requiring careful handling.
Sep 25,2024 APIAtropine Sulfate: Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity
Atropine sulfate, an antimuscarinic agent, reduces heart rate and increases respiratory rate, with variable absorption, hepatic metabolism, and potential severe toxicity at high doses.
Sep 25,2024 APISoy Protein Isolate: Composition, Gel Properties and its Preparation Method
Soy protein isolate, with over 90% protein and key globulins, enhances texture in vegetarian products and offers improved antibacterial properties and solubility in various applications.
Sep 25,2024 API