In pharmacology, a drug is a chemical substance, typically of known structure, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect. A pharmaceutical drug, also called a medication or medicine, is a chemical substance used to treat, cure, prevent, or diagnose a disease or to promote well-being. Traditionally drugs were obtained through extraction from medicinal plants, but more recently also by organic synthesis. Pharmaceutical drugs may be used for a limited duration, or on a regular basis for chronic disorders.
Rapamycin: Benefits and Side Effects
Initially recognized for its potent antifungal and immunosuppressive properties, rapamycin has recently gained significant attention for anti-aging therapy and seizure treatment via mTOR pathway inhib
Sep 14，2026 Drugs
Empagliflozin: Mechanism of Action and Side Effects
Empagliflozin is used to induce a hypoglycemic effect in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has also shown other beneficial effects by demonstrating a nephroprotective effect.
Sep 14，2026 Drugs
Olaparib: Mechanism, Efficacy and Side Effects
Olaparib is a targeted prescription medicine used to treat ovarian, breast, prostate, and pancreatic cancers, this article will introduce its mechanism, efficacy and side effects.
Sep 14，2026 Drugs
Ozagrel sodium: Uses and Mechanism
Ozagrel sodium is a selective TXA2 synthetase inhibitor and blocks platelet aggregation, which is useful for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.
Sep 12，2026 Drugs
Bempedoic Acid: Mechanism of Action and Side Effects
Bempedoic Acid (BA) can decreases hepatic generation of cholesterol, this article will introduce its mechanism and side effects.
Sep 12，2026 Drugs
What are the side effects of Tucatinib?
Tucatinib (trade name TUKYSA) is an oral, highly selective HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). In clinical practice, it is not classified as a chemotherapeutic agent, but rather as a targeted antica
Sep 12，2026 Drugs
What are the side effects of Isoniazid?
Isoniazid (INH) is classified as an anti-tuberculosis drug or an anti-mycobacterial antibiotic. It is a first-line treatment for tuberculosis and may also be used to prevent its recurrence.
Sep 11，2026 Drugs
Levetiracetam: Mechanism of Action and Side Effects
Levetiracetam (LEV) is a broad-spectrum, second-generation anti-seizure medication, this article will introduce its mechanism and side effects.
Sep 11，2026 Drugs
Ibrutinib: Clinical Trial and Bleeding Risk
Ibrutinib is an irreversible inhibitor of Btk that has proven to be an effective therapeutic agent for multiple B-cell-mediated lymphoproliferative disorders. However, it has bleeding risk.
Sep 11，2026 Drugs
Etoposide: Mechanism of Action and Side Effects
Etoposide exerts its anticancer effects by inducing DNA strand breaks through the inhibition of topoisomerase II (TOP2), this article will introduce its mechanism and side effects.
Sep 11，2026 Drugs