Indirubin-3'-monoxime inhibits GSK-3β by competing with ATP, with K i of 0.85 μM, and K m of 110 μM. Indirubin-3'-monoxime also inhibits tau phosphorylation by GSK-3β, with an IC 50 value of around 100 nM. Indirubin-3'-monoxime completely inhibits the phosphorylation of the AT100 epitope. Indirubin-3'-monoxime inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation with IC 50 of ∼2 µM. Indirubin-3'-monoxime blunts migration of VSMC stimulated with the PDGF. Indirubin-3'-monoxime interferes with the migratory response in VSMC, and also suppresses the production of pro-migratory LT in monocytes. Moreover, Indirubin-3'-monoxime inhibits 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) product synthesis in monocytes and neutrophils, with the same potency (IC 50 =5.0±1.1 and 3.7±1.2 µM, respectively). Indirubin-3'-monoxime is an inhibitor of 5-LO, with IC 50 of 7.8-10 µM in cell-free assay.
Indirubin-3'-monoxime (0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg/kg, i.p) dose dependently reverses the cognitive impairment and combats the elevated oxidative stress markers in HFD fed mice. Indirubin-3'-monoxime also dose dependently lowers the serum glucose, TGs, TC and insulin levels, and improves the β-cell functioning in HFD fed mice. Moreover, Indirubin-3'-monoxime treatment significantly decreases HOMA-IR levels compared to HFD group. Indirubin-3'-monoxime (0.4 mg/kg) significantly attenuates the increased EL in the HFD group.
A potent inhibitor of GSK-3β (IC50=22nM). Also inhibits CDK1 (IC50=180nM) and CDK (IC50=100nM). It reversibly arrests asynchronous HBL-100 cells at G2. It induces apoptosis in the mammary carcinoma cell line MCF-7 (10μM).