Rutherfordium Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
Physikalische Eigenschaften
The chemical and physical properties of Unq (or rutherfordium) are homologous with theelement hafnium (72Hf ), located just above it in group 4 (IVB) in the periodic table. It wasfirst claimed to be produced artificially by the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR)located in Dubna, Russia. The Russian scientists used a cyclotron that smashed a target ofplutonium-242 with very heavy ions of neon-22, resulting in the following reaction:
94Pu-242 +
10Ne-22 →
104Unq-260 + 4
0n-1 (alpha radiation). The Russians named Unq-260 “kurchatovium”(Ku-260) for the head of their center, Ivan Kurchatov. (See details in the next section,“History.”).
Isotopes
There are a total of 15 isotopes for rutherfordium, ranging from Rf-253 to Rf-264. Their half-lives range from 23 microseconds to 10 minutes. They are all artificiallymade, radioactive, and unstable. Their decay modes are a combination of alpha decayand spontaneous fission (SF).
Origin of Name
Named by the transition naming system of the IUPAC (unnilquadium)
and later named after the New Zealand scientist Ernest Rutherford (rutherfordium).
Verwenden
There are no uses for unnilquadium (rutherfordium), except for high-energy nuclear-particleresearch.
Definition
A radioactive metal not found naturally on earth. It is the first transactinide metal. Atoms of rutherfordium are produced by bombarding
249Cf with 12C or by bombarding
248Cm with 18O. Symbol: Rf; m.p. 2100°C (est.); b.p. 5200°C (est.); r.d. 23 (est.); most stable isotope
261Rf (half-life 65s).
Hazard
The hazards of unnilquadium are the same as for any radioactive element. Since there areonly a few atoms with short half-lives produced at a time in scientific laboratories, there islittle danger to the public.
Rutherfordium Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
