1,3,5-トリニトロヘキサヒドロ-1,3,5-トリアジン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
解説
RDX，ヘキソーゲン，シクロナイトなどとも呼ばれ，第2次大戦中に大量に用いられるようになった高性能爆薬。単独では雷管の添装薬に使われている。最も多い用途は，TNTとの2成分爆薬であるシクロトールやコンポジションBとして炸薬とされるものである。またコンポジションAやコンポジションCなどプラスチック結合爆薬やプラスチック爆薬の主成分としても用いられている。 無色の結晶で，融点204℃，結晶比重1.80，水に不溶，アルコール，ベンゼンなどには難溶，アセトンにはわずかに溶け，温フェノールおよび濃硝酸には易溶である。株式会社平凡社 世界大百科事典 第２版について 情報
用途
高性能爆薬(主として軍事用、極少量が産業用)
化学的特性
Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-S-triazine is a
white crystalline compound.
使用
Cyclonite is a high explosive and principal constituent of plastic bombs. It is preparedby treating hexamethylenetetramine with nitric acid,ammoniumnitrate,andaceticanhydride: It is also used as a rat poison.
定義
ChEBI: An N-nitro compound that is 1,3,5-triazinane in which all three of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogens have been replaced by nitro groups. It is widely used in both industrial and military explosives.
一般的な説明
Cyclotrimethylene trinitramine is an explosive. The explosion can be initiated by a sudden shock, high temperature or a combination of the two. The primary hazard is from blast effect and not from flying projectiles and fragments. Under prolonged exposure to heat or fire they can explode.
空気と水の反応
Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
CYCLOTRIMETHYLENE TRINITRAMINE is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, combustible materials and heat. Detonates on contact with mercury fulminate . Danger of explosion when dry. The self heating and explosive decomposition of the explosive and aqueous alkali (calcium hydroxide) has been studied, [Chem Abs., 1988, 109, 112968].
健康ハザード
Cyclonite is a highly toxic substance. Repeated exposure can cause nausea, vomiting, and convulsions.
LD50 value, oral (rats): 100 mg/kg.
火災危険
MAY EXPLODE AND THROW FRAGMENTS 1600 meters (1 MILE) OR MORE IF FIRE REACHES CARGO.
安全性プロファイル
Poison by ingestion,
intraperitoneal, and intravenous routes. An
experimental teratogen. Other experimental
reproductive effects. A corrosive irritant to
skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Cases of
epileptifonn convulsions have been reported
from exposure. It is one of the most
powerful high explosives in use today. Has
more shattering power than TNT and is
often mixed with TNT as a bursting charge
for aerial bombs, mines, and torpedoes. It is
easily initiated by mercury fulrmnate, which
may be used as a booster. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.
See also MINES, NITRATES, and
EXPLOSIVES, HIGH.
職業ばく露
A potential danger to those involved
in the manufacture of this material and its handling in
munitions and solid-propellant manufacture. It is also used
as a rat poison; a powerful military explosive; a base
charge for detonators; and in plastic explosives.
輸送方法
UN0483 Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine, desensi-
tized or Cyclonite, desensitized or Hexogen, desensitized or
RDX, desensitized, Hazard Class: 1D; Labels: 1D-
Explosive (with a mass explosion hazard); D-Substances or
articles which may mass detonate (with blast and/or frag-
ment hazard) when exposed to fire. UN0072
Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine, wetted or Cyclonite, wetted
or Hexogen, wetted or RDX, wetted with not ,15% water
by mass, Hazard Class: 1D; Labels: 1D-Explosive (with a
mass explosion hazard); D-Substances or articles which
may mass detonate (with blast and/or fragment hazard)
when exposed to fire.
純化方法
RDX crystallises from acetone. [Bachmann & Sheehan J Am Chem Soc 71 1842 1949, Beilstein 26 II 5, 26 III/IV 22.] EXPLOSIVE.
不和合性
Heat, physical damage, shock, and deto-
nators. Detonates on contact with mercury fulminate. Keep
away from other explosives, combustibles, oxidizers (such
as chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, permanganates, perox-
ides; bromine, chlorine, and fluorine); reducing agents; and
aqueous alkaline solutions.
廃棄物の処理
Pour over soda ash, neutralize
and flush to sewer with water. Also HMX may be recov-
ered from solid propellant waste.
1,3,5-トリニトロヘキサヒドロ-1,3,5-トリアジン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品