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| 化学名: | テトロドトキシン | | 英語化学名: | TETRODOTOXIN | | 别名: | TETRODOTOXIN WITHOUT CITRATE BUFFER;TETRODOTOXIN WITH CITRATE BUFFER;Tetrodotoxin, citrate free;5,9:7,10a-Dimethano-10aH-1,3dioxocino6,5-dpyrimidine-4,7,10,11,12-pentol, 2-amino-1,4,4a,5,9,10-hexahydro-12-(hydroxymethyl)-, (4R,4aR,5R,7S,9S,10S,10aR,11S,12S)-;PUFFERFISHTOXIN;PUFFERFISHPOISONING;Globefish toxin;Fugu poison, Maculotoxin, Tarichatoxin, TTX | | CAS番号: | 4368-28-9 | | 分子式: | C11H17N3O8 | | 分子量: | 319.27 | | EINECS: | 224-458-8 | | カテゴリ情報: | chemical reagent;pharmaceutical intermediate;phytochemical;reference standards from Chinese medicinal herbs (TCM).;standardized herbal extract;Ion Channels;Sodium channel;Living creature toxin;Alkaloids | | Mol File: | 4368-28-9.mol |  |
| 融点 | 280 °C (decomp) | | 比旋光度 | D25 -8.64° (c = 8.55 in dil acetic acid) | | 沸点 | 458.31°C (rough estimate) | | 比重(密度) | 1.3768 (rough estimate) | | 屈折率 | 1.5700 (estimate) | | 貯蔵温度 | 2-8°C | | 溶解性 | H2O: stable at pH 4-5 if stored frozensoluble | | 外見 | powder | | 酸解離定数(Pka) | 8.76 (water); 9.4 (50% alc) | | 色 | white | | Merck | 13,9318 | | 安定性： | Acid Sensitive, Hygroscopic | | CAS データベース | 4368-28-9(CAS DataBase Reference) | | EPAの化学物質情報 | Tetrodotoxin (4368-28-9) |
| | テトロドトキシン Usage And Synthesis |
| 外観 | 白色の結晶性粉末 | | 溶解性 | 水、有機溶媒に不溶で酸性溶液またはアルコール溶液には可溶。本品はあらかじめくえん酸緩衝剤が添加されている為、水を加えるだけで溶解可能。 | | 解説 | テトロドトキシン，融点を示さず220 ℃ 以上で着色分解する．[α]D"－8.64°(希酢酸中)．pKa 8.3．有機溶媒に不溶，希酢酸水溶液に可溶．最近(2003～2005年)三つの研究グループにより，D-グルコース誘導体から不斉合成された．神経におけるナトリウムイオン透過阻止作用をもつ．強い神経毒でLD50 10 μg/kg(マウス，腹腔)．
森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
| | 用途 | 生理作用研究用。 | | 用途 | 神経伝達研究用。 | | 存在 | テトロドトキシン，フグ属の魚類，とくにトラフグSpheroides rubripesおよびマフグS.porphyreusの卵巣に存在する猛毒物質．カリフォルニア産のイモリ，ツムギハゼ，コスタリカ産のカエルなどにも含まれている． | | 毒性 | 強い神経毒でLD50 10 μg/kg(マウス，腹腔)． | | 使用上の注意 | アルカリ性溶液で速やかに分解する。200℃以上で褐変する。本品は極めて毒性の強いトキシンです。本品を取り扱う場合、安全ピペッター等を使用し、絶対に経口的に採取しないようにしてください。また、使用後の器具および毒素溶液は水酸化ナトリウム溶液で毒素を分解してください。 | | 説明 | Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a selective sodium channel blocker
nonprotein heat-stable toxin. The mechanism of toxicity is
through the blockage of fast voltage-gated sodium channels.
The consumption of toxic amounts of TTX results primarily in
neurologic and gastrointestinal signs and symptoms. TTX is
widely distributed in marine taxa such as pufferfish and
porcupine fish (suborders of the Tetraodontiformes order),
salamanders of the family Salamandridae, Central American
frogs (genus Atelopus), shellfish, starfish, crabs, and some
species of ribbonworm and octopus. However, in terrestrial
taxa, it is limited to a single class of vertebrates (Amphibia).
TTX is now known to be produced not by puffer but by
bacteria, and reaches various species of animals via food chain. | | 化学的特性 | white powder | | 使用 | Tetrodotoxin is a highly selective, reversible sodium channel blocker. | | 使用 | TTX is an extremely popular chemical tool in the physiological
and pharmacological laboratories since discovery of its channel
blocking action in the early 1960s. Some potential therapeutic
uses include suppressing pain in cancer patients, preventing
ischemic damage of the brain that follows stroke, relieving the
symptoms of withdrawal in opiate addicts, and using it as
anesthetic agent. | | 定義 | ChEBI: A quinazoline alkaloid that is a marine toxin isolated from fish such as puffer fish. It has been shown to exhibit potential neutotoxicity due to its ability to block voltage-gated sodium channels. | | 生物活性 | Selective inhibitor of Na + channel conductance. Binding is reversible and of high affinity (K d = 1-10 nM). Blocks in a use-dependent manner. | | 安全性プロファイル | Poison by ingestion,
intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and
intravenous routes. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Nox. | | 貯蔵 | -20°C (desiccate) | | Toxicity evaluation | TTX is a selective sodium channel blocker that can block nerve
and muscle conductions; action potentials are blocked while
resting membrane potentials and resting membrane resistance
are not affected. TTX blocks axonal transmission by lowering
the conductance of sodium at nodes of Ranvier. Vomiting
occurs because the toxin can act directly at or near the
chemoreceptor trigger zone. Respiratory depression is caused
by either a specific action of tetrodotoxin on the brain’s respiratory
center or because paralysis of respiratory nerves and
muscles occurs. |
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