| 化学名: | ニトロアミン | | 英語化学名: | TETRYL | | 别名: | (Trinitrophenyl)methylnitramine;2,4,6-(Trinitrophenyl)methylnitroamine;2,4,6-Tetryl;2,4,6-Trinitrophenyl-N-methylnitramine;2-Methyl-1-oxo-2-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)hydrazine 1-oxide;Aniline, N-methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitro-;aniline,N-methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitro-;Benzenamine, N-methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitro- | | CAS番号: | 479-45-8 | | 分子式: | C7H5N5O8 | | 分子量: | 287.14 | | EINECS: | 207-531-9 | | カテゴリ情報: | Nitro;TA - TEMore...Close...;8000 Series Solidwaste Methods;Analytical Standards;AromaticsEnvironmental Standards;Chemical Class;Environmental Standards;ExplosivesEPA;Method 8330Analytical Standards;Nitro CompoundsChromatography;Solid WasteAlphabetic;Volatiles/ Semivolatiles | | Mol File: | 479-45-8.mol |  |
| 融点 | 130–132°C | | 沸点 | 429.46°C (rough estimate) | | 比重(密度) | 1.57 | | 蒸気圧 | <1 at 20 °C (NIOSH, 1997) | | 屈折率 | 1.8000 (estimate) | | 闪点 | 2℃ | | 貯蔵温度 | 2-8°C | | 溶解性 | Insoluble in water; soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene, acetic acid | | 外見 | crystals | | 酸解離定数(Pka) | 12.66(at 25℃) | | 色 | Yellow | | 酸塩基指示薬変色域(pH) | 11(colourless)-13(brown) | | 水溶解度 | 0.02 wt % at 20 °C (NIOSH, 1997) | | Henry's Law Constant | <1.89 at 20 °C (approximate - calculated from water solubility and vapor pressure) | | 暴露限界値 | (mg/m3): NIOSH REL: 1.5, IDLH 750; OSHA PEL: TWA 1.5; ACGIH TLV:
TWA 1.5 (adopted). | | 主な用途 | Explosives, paints, food storage | | EPAの化学物質情報 | Tetryl (479-45-8) |
| | ニトロアミン Usage And Synthesis |
| 解説 | ニトロアミン，N-methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitroaniline(通称：tetralite，tetryl)もニトロアミンという．融点131～132 ℃．pKa 11.7．爆薬の一種． | | 用途 | 燃料?火薬?爆薬(火薬、爆薬) 分析試薬 | | 説明 | This fully reduced quinoline type alkaloid has recently been obtained from the
above-ground parts of Nitraria schoberi. The structure has been determined by
ultraviolet, infrared, NMR and mass spectrometry. One hydroxyl and one methyl
group are present and the alkaloid may be dehydrogenated in the presence of
Pd-C to furnish 8-methylquinoline. | | 化学的特性 | Yellow crystals. Insoluble inwater; soluble
in alcohol, ether, benzene, glacial acetic acid. | | 化学的特性 | Tetryl is a colorless to yellow, odorless crystalline solid. High explosive material. | | 使用 | Once widely used as a military explosive
but no longer manufactured or used in the
United States. | | 使用 | Tetryl is used as an initiator for many less sensitive explosives. It is used as the booster in artillery ammunition. A combination of Tetryl with trinitrotoluene and a small amount of graphite is known as Tetrytol, an explosive used as the bursting charge in artillery ammunition. It is also used as an indicator.
Tetryl is made by reacting 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene with methylamine and nitrating the product with nitric acid and sulfuric acid. | | 使用 | As indicator, 0.1 g in 60 ml alcohol with water to make 100 ml. pH: 10.8 colorless, 13.0 reddish-brown. One to five drops of solution required for 10 ml liquid. Salt error said to be small. Also used in explosives. | | 定義 | ChEBI: A nitramine that is methylamine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a nitro group while the other is substituted by a 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl group. A yellow crystalline powder, it is a high explosive, capable of being det
nated by friction, shock, or a spark. | | 一般的な説明 | A yellow crystalline solid high explosive. Toxic by ingestion and skin absorption. A skin irritant. Will explode if heated above 370°F. Used as a detonating explosive. The primary hazard is the blast of an instantaneous explosion and not flying projectiles and fragments. | | 反応プロフィール | During the measurement of the shock sensitivity of a mixture containing hydrazine, a drop of the hydrazine mixture fell on a TETRYL explosive. The TETRYL immediately burst into flames (ASESB 105). | | 危険性 | Dangerous fire and explosion risk. Skin
irritant, absorbed by skin. Upper respiratory tract
irritant. | | 健康ハザード | There is very little information on the human toxicity of this compound. A dose of 5000 mg/kg given subcutaneously was lethal to dogs (NIOSH 1986). | | 火災危険 | MAY EXPLODE AND THROW FRAGMENTS 1600 meters (1 MILE) OR MORE IF FIRE REACHES CARGO. | | 安全性プロファイル | Mutation data reported. An irritant, sensitizer, and allergen. The chief effect from exposure is dermatitis. Conjunctivitis is followed by iridocyclitis, and keratitis can occur. Sensitization produced by exposure may play a part in these symptoms. Gastrointestinal effects and anemia have also been reported. A powerful oxidant. A dangerous fire and explosion hazard. A high explosive sensitive to shock, friction, or heat. More sensitive to shock and friction than TNT. Explodes on contact with trioxygen difluoride. Ignites on contact with hydrazine. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. See also NITRATES and EXPLOSIVES, HIGH. | | 職業ばく露 | Tetryl is used in explosives; as an intermediary detonating agent; and as a booster charge for military devices; it is also used as a chemical indicator. No longer manufactured or used in the United States. | | 発がん性 | A number of in vitro genotoxic assays in
bacteria and fungi suggest that tetryl is a directacting
genotoxin. | | 環境運命予測 | Chemical/Physical. Produces highly toxic nitrogen oxides on decomposition (Lewis, 1990). | | 輸送方法 | UN0208 Tetryl, Hazard Class: 1.1D; Labels:1.1D-Explosives (with a mass explosion hazard); D-Substances or articles which may mass detonate (with blast and/or fragment hazard) when exposed to fire. | | 不和合性 | Violent reaction with hydrazine; reducing agents, oxidizable materials. May explosively decompose from heat, shock, friction, or concussion. Explosive decomposition/detonation from heat takes approximately 1000 seconds @ 160℃; 0.1 seconds @ 500℃. | | 廃棄物の処理 | Solution in acetone and incineration in furnace equipped with afterburner and caustic soda solution scrubber. | | 参考文献 | Novgorodova, Maekh, Yunusov., Khirn. Prir. Soedin., 9, 196 (1973) |
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