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| 貯蔵温度 | 2-8°C | | 溶解性 | H2O: 10 mg/mL, very faintly turbid, faintly yellow | | 外見 | lyophilized powder | | 色 | Off-white to Pale Brown | | 水溶解度 | It is soluble in water. | | EPAの化学物質情報 | Ribonucleic acids (63231-63-0) |
| WGK Germany | 3 | | RTECS 番号 | RF0772520 | | F | 10-21 | | TSCA | Yes |
| 外観 | 白色～うすい黄色～うすい黄赤色粉末～結晶 | | 定義 | RNAは、リボ核酸の表示名称である。本品は、細胞核と細胞質から得られるポリヌクレオシドである。 | | 解説 | リボ核酸略称RNA．リボヌクレオシドの糖(D-リボース)の3′,5′位がリン酸のジエステル結合によって鎖状に連なった重合体で，その塩基はおもに4種類で，プリン塩基としてアデニン(A)，グアニン(G)の2種類，ピリミジン塩基としてシトシン(C)，ウラシル(U)の2種類が含まれ，ほかに何種類かの微量成分が含まれていることがある．RNAはDNAをテンプレートとして合成されるが，一般には1本鎖分子で，G-C，A-U対によって部分的に分子内で二重鎖を形成しているものと考えられている．ウイルスRNA中にはイネい縮病ウイルスのように2本鎖分子のものも存在する．生体内のRNAは機能によってリボソームRNA(rRNA)，メッセンジャーRNA(mRNA)，転移RNA(tRNA)の3種類に分類され，細胞中のRNAの約80％ はリボソームRNA，転移RNAは10～20％，メッセンジャーRNAは数％ である．これらはすべてDNAの遺伝情報の発現に重要な役割を果たしている．そのほかにウイルスにはDNAのかわりにRNAを含むものがあり，ウイルスRNA(vRNA)は遺伝子の役割を担っている． "
森北出版「化学辞典（第2版） | | 生物学のな役割 | リボ核酸(RNA)の生物学的な役割は，遺伝子である DNAの遺伝情報を解読して蛋白質を合成することである（→蛋白質合成）。大別すると，遺伝子のコピーであるメッセンジャーRNA（mRNA），アミノ酸を結合して指定の順序のところに運ぶ転移RNA（tRNA），蛋白質組み立ての場であるリボソームにおいて mRNAの付着場所となるリボソームRNA（rRNA）の 3種類がある。ウイルスのある種のものは DNAを含有せず，代わりに RNAが遺伝子的な役割を果たしていることがある。 | | 化粧品の成分用途 | 皮膚コンディショニング剤 | | 化学的特性 | White powder | | 使用 | Ribonucleic acid (RNA) from torula yeast may be used as a substrate for studying ribonuclease activities of enzymes such as ribonuclease-A, ribonuclease T1 (RNAase) and bougainvillea xbuttiana antiviral protein 1 (BBAP1). | | 使用 | Ribonucleic acid (RNA) from baker?s yeast?S. cerevisiae?may be used as a substrate for studying ribonuclease activities of enzymes such as RNAase(s). It is also suitable for use as a carrier in nucleic acid purification and precipitation. | | 使用 | ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a surface film-forming agent with moisturizing action. This is the polyribonucleotide found in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm of cells. | | 一般的な説明 | Transfer RNA is isolated from brewer′s yeast. This transfer RNA is specific for transfer of the amino acid phenylalanine.
The phenylalanine acceptor activity of 100% pure tRNA is 1,800 pmoles per A260 unit. Comparison of this number to lot-specific analysis may be used as an indication of product purity. Methods to further purify tRNA have been published.
The assay for this product is based on a published method. The activity is measured using a crude preparation of phenylalanyl transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase. The phenylalanine specific tRNA is used as a substrate for the enzyme in the assay.
This product is not suitable for use as carrier tRNA to aid in the ethanol precipitation of very small amounts of DNA. Product Nos. R 8508 and R 5636 are recommended for use as carrier tRNA for DNA purification and precipitation. | | 农业用途 | Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a generic term for a group of
natural polymers, consisting of long chains of alternating
phosphate and D-ribose units, with bases adenine,
guanine, cytosine and uracil bonded to the 1 position of
the ribose. Ribonucleic acid is universally present in
living cells and has a functional genetic specificity due to
the sequence of bases along the polyribonucleotide chain.
The following four types of RNA are known:
(i) Messenger RNA: It is synthesized in the living
cell by the action of an enzyme that carries out the
polymerization of ribonucleotides on a DNA template
region which carries the information for the primary
sequence of amino acids in a structural protein. It is a
ribonucleotide copy of the deoxynucleotide sequences in
the primary genetic material.
(ii) Ribosomal RNA: It exists as a part of a functional
limit within living cells, called the ribosome, a particle
containing protein and ribosomal RNA in roughly 1:2
parts by weight, having a particle weight of about 8
million. Messenger RNA combines with ribosomes to
form polysomes containing ribosome units, usually 5 ,
complexed to the messenger RNA molecule. This
aggregate structure is the active template for protein
synthesis.
(iii) Transfer RNA: It is the smallest and best
characterized RNA. Its molecules contain about 80
nucleotides per chain. There are at least twenty separate
kinds, correspondingly related to each of the 20 amino
acids naturally occurring in proteins. Transfer RNA must
have at least two kinds of specificity. (i) It must recognize
(or be recognized by) the proper amino acid activating
enzyme so that the proper amino acid will be transferred
to its free 2' or 3' -OH group. (ii) It must be recognized as
the proper triplet on the messenger RNA-ribosome
aggregate. Having these properties, transfer RNA
accepts or forms an intermediate transfer RNA amino
acid that finds its way to the polysome, complexes at a
triplet coding for the activated amino acid, and allows
transfer of the amino acid into peptide linkage.
(iv) viral RNA: It is isolated from bacterial viruses,
and animals and may be considered as a polycistronic
messenger RNA. It has a molecular weight of 1 to 2
million. Generally, there is one molecule of RNA per
infective virus particle. The RNA of RNA virus can be
separated from its protein component and is also
infective, bringing about the formation of complete
virus. |
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