三甲胺N-氧化物
| 中文名称 | 三甲胺N-氧化物 |
|---|---|
| 中文同义词 | 无水三甲基胺 N-氧化物;无水三甲基胺-N-氧化物;三甲基胺氧化物;三甲胺N-氧化物;三甲胺氧化物;氧代三甲基胺;三甲基胺 N-氧化物;三甲基胺 N-氧化物 (无水) |
| 英文名称 | Trimethylamine N-oxide |
| 英文同义词 | n,n-dimethyl-methanaminn-oxide;Triox;TRIMETHYLAMINE N-OXIDE;TRIMETHYLAMINE OXIDE HYDROCHLORIDE;TRIMETHYLAMINE N-OXIDE HYDROCHLORIDE;trimethyl-oxido-ammonium;TRIMETHYLAMINOXIDE;Trimethylamine N-Oxide Anhydrous |
| CAS号 | 1184-78-7 |
| 分子式 | C3H9NO |
| 分子量 | 75.11 |
| EINECS号 | 214-675-6 |
| 相关类别 | 氧化;分析试剂标准品;其他生化试剂;氧化三甲胺;饲料添加剂;化工原料;临床检测标准物质;Oxidation;Synthetic Organic Chemistry |
| Mol文件 | 1184-78-7.mol |
| 结构式 |  |
三甲胺N-氧化物 性质
| 熔点 | 220-222 °C (lit.) |
|---|---|
| 沸点 | 133.8°C (rough estimate) |
| 密度 | 0.9301 (rough estimate) |
| 蒸气压 | 23.5Pa at 20℃ |
| 折射率 | 1.4698 (estimate) |
| FEMA | 4245 | TRIMETHYLAMINE OXIDE |
| 储存条件 | Hygroscopic, Room Temperature, under inert atmosphere |
| 溶解度 | 可溶于氯仿、DMSO、甲醇（微溶） |
| 酸度系数(pKa) | 4.65(at 25℃) |
| 形态 | 固体 |
| 颜色 | 淡黄色低 |
| 气味 (Odor) | 无味 |
| 水溶解性 | 793g/L at 24.5℃ |
| Merck | 14,9711 |
| JECFA Number | 1614 |
| 稳定性 | 吸湿性 |
| LogP | -2.79 |
| EPA化学物质信息 | Methanamine, N,N-dimethyl-, N-oxide (1184-78-7) |
ROS/NLRP3 inflammasome
TGF-β/smad2
The size and migration of fibroblasts are increased after Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) treatment compared with non-treated fibroblasts in vitro. Trimethylamine N-oxide increases TGF-β receptor I expression, which promotes the phosphorylation of Smad2 and up-regulates the expression of α-SMA and collagen I. The ubiquitination of TGF-βRI is decreased in neonatal mouse fibroblasts after Trimethylamine N-oxide treatment. Trimethylamine N-oxide also inhibits the expression of smurf2.
Trimethylamine N-oxide is frequently found in the tissues of a variety of marine organisms that protects against the adverse effects of temperature, salinity, high urea and hydrostatic pressure.
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) contributes to cardiovascular diseases by promoting inflammatory responses. C57BL/6 mice are fed a normal diet, high-choline diet and/or 3-dimethyl-1-butanol (DMB) diet. The levels of Trimethylamine N-oxide and choline are increased in choline-fed mice. Left ventricular hypertrophy, pulmonary congestion, and diastolic dysfunction are markedly exacerbated in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) mice fed high-choline diets compared with mice fed the control diet. Myocardial fibrosis and inflammation were markedly increased in HFpEF mice fed high-choline diets compared with animals fed the control diet.
将100ml三甲胺水溶液与600ml过氧化氢溶液相混合，在室温放置24h后，如果还有胺的气味，就再加100～200ml的过氧化氢溶液，当所有胺均被氧化后，在减压下蒸发至干。残余物用乙醇-乙醚混合物重结晶。得二水合氧化三甲胺，为长针状晶体，产率95%。
在油浴中减压至1.33～1.6kpa并加热到120℃，慢慢地升温至150℃，当水分被驱除后，升温至180℃～200℃，纯的无水氧化三甲胺即升华在瓶子较冷的颈部。
另一种脱水法：将45.0g二水合氧化三甲胺溶于300ml热DMF中，盛于圆底烧瓶中进行蒸馏。先在常压下加热以蒸去溶剂，直到沸点达到152～153℃。然后用水泵减压以除去残留的溶剂。蒸馏的末了将油浴的温度慢慢地升至120℃。剩下的无水氧化三甲胺重30g.
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