Ammonium hydroxide
Product identifier
- Product name: Ammonium hydroxide
- CBnumber: CB1853050
- CAS: 1336-21-6
- EINECS Number: 215-647-6
- Synonyms: Ammonium Hydroxide,AMMONIA SOLUTION
Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
- Relevant identified uses: For R&D use only. Not for medicinal, household or other use.
- Uses advised against: none
Company Identification
- Company: Chemicalbook
- Address: Building 1, Huihuang International, Shangdi 10th Street, Haidian District, Beijing
- Telephone: 400-158-6606
Classification of the substance or mixture
Skin corrosion, Sub-category 1B
Hazardous to the aquatic environment, short-term (Acute) - Category Acute 1
Label elements
Pictogram(s)
- Signal wordDanger
H302 Harmful if swallowed
H303 May be harmfulif swallowed
H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
H315 Causes skin irritation
H318 Causes serious eye damage
H335 May cause respiratory irritation
H400 Very toxic to aquatic life
H401 Toxic to aquatic life
H402 Harmful to aquatic life
H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
H412 Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects
P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
P264 Wash skin thouroughly after handling.
P273 Avoid release to the environment.
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P309 IF exposed or if you feel unwell:
P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label).
P391 Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment
P301+P330+P331 IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.
P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.
P332+P313 IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P405 Store locked up.
P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/...
P273 Avoid release to the environment.
P301+P330+P331 IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
P316 Get emergency medical help immediately.
P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P391 Collect spillage.
P405 Store locked up.
P501 Dispose of contents/container to an appropriate treatment and disposal facility in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and product characteristics at time of disposal.
Other hazards
no data available
Substance
- Product name: Ammonium hydroxide
- Synonyms: Ammonium Hydroxide,AMMONIA SOLUTION
- CAS: 1336-21-6
- EC number: 215-647-6
- MF: H5NO
- MW: 35.05
Description of first aid measures
If inhaledFresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.
Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention .
Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. (ERG, 2016)
Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
Agents causing ocular burns, steps in treatment, and special problems are described. Injuries are caused by neutral organic, acid, and alkali compounds. Contact time and pH are the most important variables in any chemical burn. The corneal epithelium and endothelium provide a barrier to water soluble substances while the stroma is a barrier to lipid soluble substances. Alkali compounds cause most severe injuries depending on the hydroxyl ion concentration and the cation. Calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and ammonium hydroxide are most often responsible for alkali burns. Ammonium hydroxide penetrates most rapidly of all alkali compounds.
Extinguishing media
Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray. LARGE FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Dike fire-control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. (ERG, 2016)
Specific Hazards Arising from the Chemical
Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. For electric vehicles or equipment, ERG Guide 147 (lithium ion batteries) or ERG Guide 138 (sodium batteries) should also be consulted. (ERG, 2016)
Advice for firefighters
In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.
NFPA 704
| HEALTH | 3 | Short exposure could cause serious temporary or moderate residual injury (e.g. liquid hydrogen, sulfuric acid, calcium hypochlorite, hexafluorosilicic acid) | |
| FIRE | 0 | Materials that will not burn under typical fire conditions, including intrinsically noncombustible materials such as concrete, stone, and sand. Materials that will not burn in air when exposed to a temperature of 820 °C (1,500 °F) for a period of 5 minutes.(e.g. Carbon tetrachloride) | |
| REACT | 0 | Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water (e.g. helium,N2) | |
| SPEC. HAZ. |
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Cautiously neutralize spilled liquid with dilute acid such as dilute sulfuric acid. Wash away remainder with plenty of water.
Environmental precautions
Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Cautiously neutralize spilled liquid with dilute acid such as dilute sulfuric acid. Wash away remainder with plenty of water.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Collect and arrange disposal. Keep the chemical in suitable and closed containers for disposal. Remove all sources of ignition. Use spark-proof tools and explosion-proof equipment. Adhered or collected material should be promptly disposed of, in accordance with appropriate laws and regulations.
Precautions for safe handling
Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Separated from food and feedstuffs. See Chemical Dangers. Cool. Well closed. Keep in a well-ventilated room. See Notes.Keep cool in strong glass, plastic, or rubber stoppered bottles not completely filled. Ammonia water: 28-29%
Control parameters
Occupational Exposure limit valuesTLV: 18 mg/m3, 25 ppm, as TWA; 27 mg/m3 as STEL.MAK: 14 mg/m3, 20 ppm; peak limitation category: I(2); pregnancy risk group: C
no data available
Exposure controls
Ensure adequate ventilation. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Set up emergency exits and the risk-elimination area.
Individual protection measures
Eye/face protectionWear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.
Protective gloves. Protective clothing.
Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.
no data available
Information on basic physicochemical properties
- Physical stateLiquid, Single Sub-Boiling Quartz Distillation
- ColourColorless
- Odour
Intense, pungent, suffocating odor
- Melting point/freezing point
-69°C(lit.)
- Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range
145°C(lit.)
- Flammability
Not combustible.
- Lower and upper explosion limit/flammability limit27%
- Flash point
37°C(lit.)
- Auto-ignition temperature
1204°F
- Decomposition temperature
no data available
- pH10.09(1 mM solution);10.61(10 mM solution);11.12(100 mM solution);
- Kinematic viscosity
no data available
- Solubility
Exists only in solution
- Partition coefficient n-octanol/water
no data available
- Vapour pressure115 mmHg at 20 °C for 29% solution
- Density and/or relative densityapproximate 0.96 (10%, 15℃)
- Relative vapour densityapproximate 0.96 (10%, 15℃)
- Particle characteristics
no data available
Reactivity
Reacts with many heavy metals and heavy metal salts. This produces explosive compounds. Attacks many metals. This produces flammable/explosive gas (hydrogen - see ICSC 0001). The solution in water is a strong base. It reacts violently with acids.
Chemical stability
no data available
Possibility of hazardous reactions
AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE reacts exothermically with acids. Evolves toxic gaseous ammonia with strong bases. Reacts extremely violently with dimethyl sulfate [NFPA 491M 1991]. Reacts with aqueous silver nitrate sodium hydroxide to give a black precipitate of silver nitride. Such a precipitate can explode on stirring [MCA Case History 1554 1968]. Aqueous ammonia and Hg react to form an explosive solid, likely a fulminate. (Thodos, G. Amer. Inst. Chen. Engrs. J., 1964, 10, 274.).
Conditions to avoid
no data available
Incompatible materials
Caustic liq forms explosive cmpd with many heavy metals such as silver, lead, zinc, & their salts, especially halide salts.
Hazardous decomposition products
When heated to decomposition it emits ammonia and nitroxides.
Acute toxicity
- Oral: LD50 Rat oral 350 mg/kg
- Inhalation: no data available
- Dermal: no data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
no data available
Reproductive toxicity
no data available
STOT-single exposure
The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. Inhalation of high concentrations of the vapour may cause laryngeal oedema, inflammation of the respiratory tract and pneumonia. Exposure could cause asphyxiation due to swelling in the throat. The effects may be delayed.
STOT-repeated exposure
Repeated or prolonged inhalation may cause effects on the lungs.
Aspiration hazard
A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20°C.
Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: LC50 Lepomis macrochirus (bluegill) 0.024-0.093 mg/l/48 hr. /Conditions of bioassay not specified
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: LC50 Daphnia magna 0.66 mg/l/48 hr 22 deg C /Conditions of bioassay not specified
- Toxicity to algae: no data available
- Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available
Persistence and degradability
no data available
Bioaccumulative potential
no data available
Mobility in soil
no data available
Other adverse effects
no data available
Disposal methods
ProductThe material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
UN Number
ADR/RID: UN2672 (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: UN2672 (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: UN2672 (For reference only, please check.)
UN Proper Shipping Name
ADR/RID: AMMONIA SOLUTION, relative density between 0.880 and 0.957 at 15 °C in water, with more than 10% but not more than 35% ammonia (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: AMMONIA SOLUTION, relative density between 0.880 and 0.957 at 15 °C in water, with more than 10% but not more than 35% ammonia (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: AMMONIA SOLUTION, relative density between 0.880 and 0.957 at 15 °C in water, with more than 10% but not more than 35% ammonia (For reference only, please check.)
Transport hazard class(es)
ADR/RID: 8 (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: 8 (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: 8 (For reference only, please check.)
Packing group, if applicable
ADR/RID: III (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: III (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: III (For reference only, please check.)
Environmental hazards
ADR/RID: Yes
IMDG: Yes
IATA: Yes
Special precautions for user
no data available
Transport in bulk according to IMO instruments
no data available
Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS)Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
- HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
- CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
- Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
- ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/
Other Information
Be aware that ammonia gas can evolve from ammonia solution.Ammonia vapour is flammable and explosive under certain conditions.See ICSC 0414.Do NOT completely fill bottles with the substance; strong solutions may develop pressure.Release caps with care.Melting points range from -3°C (4%) to -69°C (28%). Another boiling point is 25°C (32%).Other UN numbers are: UN 2073 Ammonia solution, relative density of less than 0.880 at 15°C in water, with more than 35% but no more than 50% ammonia; UN 3318 Ammonia solution, relative density of less than 0.880 at 15°C in water, with more than 50% ammonia.Depending on the degree of exposure, periodic medical examination is suggested.
The information in this MSDS is only applicable to the specified product, unless otherwise specified, it is not applicable to the mixture of this product and other substances. This MSDS only provides information on the safety of the product for those who have received the appropriate professional training for the user of the product. Users of this MSDS must make independent judgments on the applicability of this SDS. The authors of this MSDS will not be held responsible for any harm caused by the use of this MSDS.