Chemical Safety Data Sheet MSDS / SDS
Lactonitrile
Revision Date:2026-03-21Revision Number:1
Product identifier
- Product name: Lactonitrile
- CBnumber: CB2446862
- CAS: 78-97-7
- EINECS Number: 201-163-2
- Synonyms: 2-HYDROXYPROPANENITRILE;2-HYDROXYPROPIONITRILE
Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
- Relevant identified uses: For R&D use only. Not for medicinal, household or other use.
- Uses advised against: none
Company Identification
- Company: Chemicalbook
- Address: Building 1, Huihuang International, Shangdi 10th Street, Haidian District, Beijing
- Telephone: 010-86108875
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
-
Symbol(GHS)
- Signal wordDanger
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P273 Avoid release to the environment.
P234 Keep only in original container.
P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
Hazard statements
H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
H373 May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
H351 Suspected of causing cancer
H290 May be corrosive to metals
Substance
- Product name: Lactonitrile
- Synonyms: 2-HYDROXYPROPANENITRILE;2-HYDROXYPROPIONITRILE
- CAS: 78-97-7
- EC number: 201-163-2
- MF: C3H5NO
- MW: 71.08
First Aid Measures
General adviceIf symptoms persist, call a physician.
Eye contact
Immediately flush with plenty of water. After initial flushing, remove any contact lenses and continue flushing for at least 15 minutes. Keep eye wide open while rinsing. If symptoms persist, call a physician.
Skin Contact
Immediate medical attention is not required. Wash off immediately with soap and plenty of water while removing all contaminated clothes and shoes. If skin irritation persists, call a physician.
Inhalation
Immediate medical attention is not required If symptoms persist, call a physician Move to fresh air in case of accidental inhalation of vapors or decomposition products
Ingestion
Clean mouth with water and drink afterwards plenty of water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Call a physician. Do NOT induce vomiting.
Self-protection of the first aider
Use personal protective equipment as required.
Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
SymptomsNo information available.
Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
Note to physiciansTreat symptomatically.
Suitable Extinguishing Media
Suitable Extinguishing MediaUse. Dry chemical. Carbon dioxide (CO2). Water spray (fog). Alcohol resistant foam.
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media
No information available.
Specific hazards arising from the chemical
Specific hazards arising from the chemicalKeep product and empty container away from heat and sources of ignition. Risk of ignition.
Hazardous combustion products
Carbon oxides. Hydrogen cyanide. Nitrogen oxides (NOx).
Explosion data
Sensitivity to Mechanical ImpactNo information available.
Sensitivity to Static Discharge
No information available.
Protective equipment and precautions for firefighters
Protective equipment and precautions for firefightersAs in any fire, wear self contained breathing apparatus pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent) and full protective gear.
NFPA 704
4
2
0
| HEALTH | 4 | Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury (e.g. hydrogen cyanide, phosgene, methyl isocyanate, hydrofluoric acid) | |
| FIRE | 2 | Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperature before ignition can occur and multiple finely divided suspended solids that do not require heating before ignition can occur. Flash point between 37.8 and 93.3 °C (100 and 200 °F). (e.g. diesel fuel, sulfur) | |
| REACT | 0 | Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water (e.g. helium,N2) | |
| SPEC. HAZ. |
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Personal precautionsUse personal protective equipment as required. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Keep people away from and upwind of spill/leak. Pay attention to flashback. Take precautionary measures against static discharges.
Environmental precautions
Environmental precautionsSee Section 12 for additional Ecological Information. Do not flush into surface water or sanitary sewer system. Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Prevent product from entering drains.
Methods and material for containment and cleaning up
Methods for containmentPrevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Methods for cleaning up
Soak up with inert absorbent material. Dam up. Pick up and transfer to properly labeled containers. Take precautionary measures against static discharges.
Precautions for safe handling
Advice on safe handlingUse with local exhaust ventilation. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking. Use personal protective equipment as required. Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray. Take necessary action to avoid static electricity discharge (which might cause ignition of organic vapors).
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Storage ConditionsKeep away from heat, sparks, flame and other sources of ignition (i.e., pilot lights, electric motors and static electricity). Keep containers tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated place.
Keep away from heat. Keep in properly labeled containers. Store at room temperature.
Incompatible materials
Keep away from heat. Keep in properly labeled containers. Store at room temperature.
None known based on information supplied.
Control parameters
Exposure Guidelines.
Other Information
Vacated limits revoked by the Court of Appeals decision in AFL-CIO v. OSHA, 965 F.2d 962 (11th Cir., 1992).
| Column 1 | Column 2 | Column 3 | Column 4 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Phosphoric acid 7664-38-2 | STEL: 3 mg/m3 TWA: 1 mg/m3 | TWA: 1 mg/m3 (vacated) TWA: 1 mg/m3 (vacated) STEL: 3 mg/m3 | IDLH: 1000 mg/m3 TWA: 1 mg/m3 STEL: 3 mg/m3 |
Appropriate engineering controls
Engineering ControlsShowers
Eyewash stations
Ventilation systems
Eyewash stations
Ventilation systems
Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment
Eye/face protectionTight sealing safety goggles.
Skin and Body Protection
Wear protective gloves and protective clothing.
Respiratory protection
If exposure limits are exceeded or irritation is experienced, NIOSH/MSHA approved respiratory protection should be worn. Positive-pressure supplied air respirators may be required for high airborne contaminant concentrations. Respiratory protection must be provided in accordance with current local regulations.
General Hygiene Considerations
When using do not eat, drink or smoke. Regular cleaning of equipment, work area and clothing is recommended.
Information on basic physicochemical properties
- Physical Stateliquid
- AppearanceNo information available
- OdorNo information available
- pHNo information available
- Melting point/freezing point-40 °C
- Boiling point90 °C
- Flash point77 °C CC (closed cup)
- Liquid Density0.991 g/mL
- Evaporation rateNo information available
- Upper flammability limitsNo information available
- Lower flammability limitNo information available
- Vapor pressure0.2 mmHg
- Vapor densityNo information available
- Specific gravityNo information available
- Water solubilityNo information available
- Solubility in other solventsNo information available
- Partition coefficientNo information available
- Autoignition temperatureNo information available
- Decomposition temperatureNo information available
- Kinematic viscosityNo information available
- Explosive propertiesNo information available
- Oxidizing propertiesNo information available
- Density and/or relative density0.991 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
- SolubilityDMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
- ColourColourless
- Dielectric constant38.4（20℃）
Reactivity
Not applicable
Chemical stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions
Contact with acids may liberate toxic gas.
Hazardous polymerization
No information available.
Conditions to avoid
Heat, flames and sparks.
Incompatible materials
Strong oxidizing agents.
Hazardous Decomposition Products
Carbon oxides. Hydrogen cyanide. Nitrogen oxides (NOx).
Information on likely routes of exposure
InhalationClassified based on available data. For more details, see section 2.
Eye contact
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2.
Skin Contact
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2.
Ingestion
Classified based on available data. For more details, see section 2.
Information on toxicological effects
SymptomsClassified based on available data. For more details, see section 2.
Delayed and immediate effects as well as chronic effects from short and long-term exposure
Chronic ToxicityClassified based on available data. For more details, see section 2. Target Organ Effects Eyes, Respiratory system, Skin.
Numerical measures of toxicity - Product Information
Unknown acute toxicityClassified based on available data. For more details, see section 2
The following values are calculated based on chapter 3.1 of the GHS document
ATEmix (oral)
The following values are calculated based on chapter 3.1 of the GHS document
88 mg/kg
ATEmix (dermal)
20 mg/kg
ATEmix (inhalation-dust/mist)
1.5 mg/l
ATEmix (inhalation-vapor)
85000 mg/l
Ecotoxicity
Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
99% of the mixture consists of components(s) of unknown hazards to the aquatic environment.
| Chemical name | Algae/aquatic plants | Fish | Toxicity to Microorganisms | Crustacea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phosphoric acid 7664-38-2 | - | 3 - 3.5: 96 h Gambusia affinis mg/L LC50 | - | 4.6: 12 h Daphnia magna mg/L EC50 |
Persistence and degradability
No information available.
Bioaccumulation
No information available.
Mobility
No information available.
Disposal of wastes
Disposal should be in accordance with applicable regional, national and local laws and regulations.
Contaminated packaging
Do not reuse container.
California Hazardous Waste Status
This product contains one or more substances that are listed with the State of California as a hazardous waste.
| Chemical name | California Hazardous Waste Status |
|---|---|
| Phosphoric acid 7664-38-2 | Corrosive |
DOT
UN/ID noUN3276
Hazard Class
6.1
Packing Group
I
Proper shipping name
Nitriles, liquid, toxic, n.o.s.
Description
UN3276, Nitriles, liquid, toxic, n.o.s., 6.1, I
Emergency Response Guide Number
151
IMDG
UN/ID noUN3276
Hazard Class
6.1
Packing Group
I
Proper shipping name
Nitriles, liquid, toxic, n.o.s.
Description
UN3276, Nitriles, liquid, toxic, n.o.s. (, Phosphoric acid), 6.1, I, Marine pollutant
Special Provisions
274, 315
EmS-No
F-A, S-A
IATA
UN/ID noUN3276
Hazard Class
6.1
Packing Group
I
Proper shipping name
Nitriles, liquid, toxic, n.o.s.
Description
UN3276, Nitriles, liquid, toxic, n.o.s., 6.1, I
ERG Code
6L
International Inventories
All of the components in the product are on the following Inventory lists
TSCA (United States): Canada (DSL/NDSL) Europe (EINECS/ELINCS/NLP) Australia (AICS) ENCS (Japan):
X - Listed
EINECS/ELINCS - European Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances/European List of Notified Chemical Substances
ENCS - Japan Existing and New Chemical Substances
IECSC - China Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances
KECL - Korean Existing and Evaluated Chemical Substances
PICCS - Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances
TSCA - United States Toxic Substances Control Act Section 8(b) Inventory
DSL/NDSL - Canadian Domestic Substances List/Non-Domestic Substances List
TSCA (United States): Canada (DSL/NDSL) Europe (EINECS/ELINCS/NLP) Australia (AICS) ENCS (Japan):
X - Listed
EINECS/ELINCS - European Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances/European List of Notified Chemical Substances
ENCS - Japan Existing and New Chemical Substances
IECSC - China Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances
KECL - Korean Existing and Evaluated Chemical Substances
PICCS - Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances
TSCA - United States Toxic Substances Control Act Section 8(b) Inventory
DSL/NDSL - Canadian Domestic Substances List/Non-Domestic Substances List
| Chemical name | TSCA | DSL | NDSL | EINECS | ELINCS | ENCS | IECSC | KECL | PICCS | AICS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DL-Lactonitrile | X | - | X | X | - | X | - | - | - | X |
| Phosphoric acid | X | X | - | X | - | X | X | X | X | X |
US Federal Regulations
SARA 313
Section 313 of Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA). This product does not contain any chemicals which are subject to the reporting requirements of the Act and Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 372.
SARA 311/312 Hazard Categories
Acute health hazardYes
Chronic Health Hazard
No
Fire hazard
Yes
Sudden release of pressure hazard
No
Reactive hazard
No
CWA (Clean Water Act)
This product contains the following substances which are regulated pollutants pursuant to the Clean Water Act (40 CFR 122.21 and 40 CFR 122.42).
| Chemical name | CWA - Reportable Quantities | CWA - Toxic Pollutants | CWA - Priority Pollutants | CWA - Hazardous Substances |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phosphoric acid 7664-38-2 | 5000 lb | X |
US State Regulations
California Proposition 65
This product does not contain any Proposition 65 chemicals.
U.S. State Right-to-Know Regulations
| Chemical name | New Jersey | Massachusetts | Pennsylvania |
|---|---|---|---|
| DL-Lactonitrile 78-97-7 | X | X | X |
| Phosphoric acid 7664-38-2 | X | X | X |
Abbreviations and acronyms
CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
TWA: Time-Weighted Average
STEL: Short-Term Exposure Limit
LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
PEL: Permissible Exposure Limit
TLV: Threshold Limit Value
IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code
IATA: International Air Transport Association
ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
DOT: US Department of Transportation
NFPA: National Fire Protection Association
NIOSH: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration
TWA: Time-Weighted Average
STEL: Short-Term Exposure Limit
LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
PEL: Permissible Exposure Limit
TLV: Threshold Limit Value
IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code
IATA: International Air Transport Association
ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
DOT: US Department of Transportation
NFPA: National Fire Protection Association
NIOSH: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Disclaimer:
The information in this MSDS is only applicable to the specified product, unless otherwise specified, it is not applicable to the mixture of this product and other substances. This MSDS only provides information on the safety of the product for those who have received the appropriate professional training for the user of the product. Users of this MSDS must make independent judgments on the applicability of this SDS. The authors of this MSDS will not be held responsible for any harm caused by the use of this MSDS.