| Identification | More | [Name]
Calcium chloride | [CAS]
10043-52-4 | [Synonyms]
APPLICATION: ACCELERATION OF THE SET OF CONCRETE, MISC.
BOD CALCIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION C
CALCII CHLORIDUM
CALCIUM ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY STANDARD
CALCIUM CHLORIDE
CALCIUM CHLORIDE 0-2H2O
CALCIUM CHLORIDE 2H2O
CALCIUM CHLORIDE 2-HYDRATE
CALCIUM CHLORIDE DEHYDRATED
CALCIUM CHLORIDE DIHYDRATE
Calcium chloride fused
CALCIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION
CALCIUM CHLORIDE STANDARD
CALCIUM CHLORIDE TS
CALCIUM (II) CHLORIDE
CALCIUM ION STANDARD
CHLORO CALCIUM
PELADOW(R) SNOW AND ICE MELT
Anhydrous calcium chloride
anhydrouscalciumchloride | [EINECS(EC#)]
233-140-8 | [Molecular Formula]
CaCl2 | [MDL Number]
MFCD00010903 | [Molecular Weight]
110.98 | [MOL File]
10043-52-4.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
Calcium chloride is a colorless to off-white
crystalline solid which is deliquescent (absorb water).
When heated, crystals lose water @ 100C. | [Melting point ]
772 °C (lit.) | [Boiling point ]
1935 °C/1 atm (lit.) | [density ]
1.086 g/mL at 20 °C
| [vapor pressure ]
0.01 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
| [refractive index ]
n20/D 1.358
| [Fp ]
>1600°C | [storage temp. ]
2-8°C
| [solubility ]
H2O: soluble
| [form ]
powder
| [color ]
White to gray | [Specific Gravity]
2.15 | [PH]
8-10 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃) | [Stability:]
Stable. Incompatible with zinc, water, strong acids, methyl vinyl ether, bromine trifluoride, boron oxide, calcium oxide. Hygroscopic. | [Water Solubility ]
740 g/L (20 ºC) | [Sensitive ]
Hygroscopic | [λmax]
λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.04
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.02 | [Merck ]
14,1659 | [InChIKey]
UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L | [Uses]
Calcium Chloride is a general purpose food additive, the anhydrous
form being readily soluble in water with a solubility of 59 g in 100 ml
of water at 0°c. it dissolves with the liberation of heat. it also exists
as calcium chloride dihydrate, being very soluble in water with a
solubility of 97 g in 100 ml at 0°c. it is used as a firming agent for
canned tomatoes, potatoes, and apple slices. in evaporated milk, it
is used at levels not more than 0.1% to adjust the salt balance so as
to prevent coagulation of milk during sterilization. it is used with
disodium edta to protect the flavor in pickles and as a source of
calcium ions for reaction with alginates to form gels. | [CAS DataBase Reference]
10043-52-4(CAS DataBase Reference) | [NIST Chemistry Reference]
Calcium dichloride(10043-52-4) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
10043-52-4(EPA Substance) |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
Xi | [Risk Statements ]
R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin .
R36:Irritating to the eyes.
R36/38:Irritating to eyes and skin .
R41:Risk of serious damage to eyes.
R22:Harmful if swallowed. | [Safety Statements ]
S26:In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice .
S39:Wear eye/face protection .
S24:Avoid contact with skin .
S22:Do not breathe dust .
S36:Wear suitable protective clothing . | [WGK Germany ]
1
| [RTECS ]
EV9810000
| [F ]
3 | [TSCA ]
Yes | [HS Code ]
28272000 | [Safety Profile]
Moderately toxic by
ingestion. Poison by intravenous,
intramuscular, intraperitoneal, and
subcutaneous routes. Human systemic
effects: dermatitis, changes in calcium.
Questionable carcinogen with experimental
tumorigenic data. Mutation data reported.
Reacts violently with (B203 + CaO), BrF3.
Reaction with zinc releases explosive
hydrogen gas. Catalyzes exothermic
polymerization of methyl vinyl ether.
Exothermic reaction with water. When
heated to decomposition it emits toxic
fumes of Cl-. See also CALCIUM
COMPOUNDS and CHLORIDES. | [Hazardous Substances Data]
10043-52-4(Hazardous Substances Data) | [Toxicity]
LD50 i.v. in mice: 42.2 mg/kg (Syed, Hosain) |
| Raw materials And Preparation Products | Back Directory | [Raw materials]
Hydrochloric acid-->Calcium carbonate-->Calcium hydroxide-->Calcium oxide-->Sodium chlorate-->CALCIUM CARBONATE-->Calcium chloride hexahydrate-->Calcium chloride solution 36-40%, (1box=27kgs)-->Calcium chloride dihydrate | [Preparation Products]
1-METHYL-3-PHENYL-1H-PYRAZOLE-5-CARBALDEHYDE-->4-CHLORO-2-METHYLBENZALDEHYDE-->(R)-1-Boc-3-(hyroxymethyl)piperidine-->Pentoxyverine-->3-AMIDINOPYRIDINIUM CHLORIDE-->3-Methylbutyl 3-methylbutanoate-->1,3-Dimethoxybenzene-->(1,1-DIMETHYL-PROP-2-YNYL)-HYDRAZINE-->3-(2-THIENYL)PROPIONIC ACID-->(S)-3-(Boc-amino)pyrrolidine-->1-[4-(BROMOMETHYL)PHENYL]-1H-PYRAZOLE-->N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride-->Allyl hexanoate-->Ethyl Hexanoate-->Pigment Red 57:1-->1-(2-ETHOXYETHYL)PIPERAZINE-->Pigment Red 48:2-->1-Bromooctadecane-->Isoamyl acetate-->HEPARIN CALCIUM-->Butyl butyrate-->polymer bactericidal flocculent-->N-Benzylcinchonidinium chloride-->3,5-DIMETHYL-4-NITROISOXAZOLE-->Ethyl oleate-->5-Methyl-4-nitroisoxazole-->Calcium-->Allylthiourea-->materials of oral delivery system for peptide drugs and their controlled release-->Isoamyl butyrate-->Dye-fixing agent G-->4-CHLOROPHENETOLE-->Butanethiol-->2-Fluoro-p-Xylene-->Phenyl isothiocyanate-->1,2-Dibromopropane-->2,3-DIMETHYL-1,3-BUTADIENE-->Cinnamyl chloride-->2-Bromoethyl ethyl ether-->1-ETHOXYNAPHTHALENE |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [General Description]
White to off-white solid. Sinks and mixes with water. | [Reactivity Profile]
Bromine trifluoride rapidly attacks the following salts: barium chloride, cadmium chloride, calcium chloride, cesium chloride, lithium chloride, silver chloride, rubidium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium chloride, potassium iodide, rhodium tetrabromide, sodium bromide, sodium chloride, and sodium iodide [Mellor 2 Supp. 1:164, 165 1956]. Long term exposure of calcium chloride solution upon a zinc coated galvanized iron vessel caused slow evolution of hydrogen which ignited and exploded [Bretherick, 5th Ed., 1995]. | [Air & Water Reactions]
Deliquescent. Water soluble. Adding CALCIUM CHLORIDE(10043-52-4) to hot water caused violent boiling, [MCA Case History No. 69]. | [Health Hazard]
Inhalation causes irritation of nose and throat. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach. Contact with eyes (particularly by dust) causes irritation and possible transient corneal injury. Contact of solid with dry skin causes mild irritation; strong solutions can cause marked irritation, even a superficial burn. | [Potential Exposure]
Calcium chloride is used as road salt
for melting snow, a drying agent in desiccators, for dehydrating organic liquids and gases, in refrigeration brines
and antifreeze, as a dust-proofing agent, food additives,
concrete hardening accelerator, and others. May react with
strong oxidizers. | [First aid]
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any
contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least
15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts
the skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from
exposure, begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has
stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. Transfer
promptly to a medical facility. When this chemical has
been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and induce vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit | [Shipping]
There are no label or maximum shipping quantity requirements set by DOT. | [Incompatibilities]
The solution in water is a weak base.
Reacts with zinc in presence of moisture, forming highlyflammable hydrogen gas. Dissolves violently in water
with generation of much heat. Incompatible with water,
bromine trifluoride; 2-furan, percarboxylic acid. May
attack some building materials and metals in the presence
of moisture. | [Description]
Tumorigen,Mutagen, Human Data; Hormone. Calcium chloride is usedas road salt for melting snow, a drying agent in desiccators,for dehydrating organic liquids and gases, in refrigerationbrines and antifreeze, as a dust-proofing agent, food additive, concrete hardening accelerator, and others.Incompatibilities: The solution in water is a weak base.Reacts with zinc in presence of moisture, forming highly526 Calcium chlorideflammable hydrogen gas. Dissolves violently in waterwith generation of much heat. Incompatible with water,bromine trifluoride; 2-furan, percarboxylic acid. Mayattack some building materials and metals in the presenceof moisture. | [Physical properties]
White crystal, powder or flake; highly hygroscopic; the compound and its solutions absorb moisture from the air at various rates depending on calcium chloride concentrations, relative humidity and vapor pressure of water in the air, temperature, surface area of exposed material, and the rate of air circulation; at 40% and 95% relative humidity and 25°C, one gram anhydrous calcium chloride may absorb about 1.4 g and 17 g water, respectively. (Shearer, W. L. 1978 . In Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 3rd ed., vol. 4, pp. 432-6. New York: Wiley Interscience); density 2.15, 2.24, 1.85, 1.83 and 1.71 g/cm3 for the anhydrous salt and its mono-, di-, tetra- and hexahydrates, respectively; anhydrous salts melts at 772°C, while the mono-, di-, tetra- and hexahydrates decompose at 260°, 175°, 45.5° and 30°C, respectively; the anhydrous salt vaporizes at 1,935°C; highly soluble in water, moderate to high solubility in alcohol. | [Occurrence]
Calcium chloride may be found in nature as the mineral tachhydrite, CaCl2?2MgCl2?12H2O. It also is found in other minerals. Its concentration in sea water is about 0.15%.
Calcium chloride has several industrial applications. The major applications of this compound are in deicing of roads, dust control, imparting stability to roads and buildings, and to improve traction in tractor tires. It is mixed with ice to make freezing mixtures. Hexahydrate mixed with crushed ice can lower the temperature of the cooling bath to below -50°C. It also is used as a desiccant for dehydrating gases and liquids. It is added to cement in various proportions to manufacture different types of concrete. Other uses are in adhesives, to lower gel temperatures, and as a calcium source in liquid feed supplements for dairy cattle. Also, the compound is used to control particle size development and reduce coalescence in plastics. | [Definition]
calcium chloride: A white deliquescentcompound, CaCl2, which issoluble in water; r.d. 2.15; m.p.782°C; b.p. >1600°C. There are anumber of hydrated forms, includingthe monohydrate, CaCl2.H2O, the dihydrate,CaCl2.2H2O (r.d. 0.84), andthe hexahydrate, CaCl2.6H2O (trigonal;r.d. 1.71; the hexahydrate loses4H2O at 30°C and the remaining2H2O at 200°C). Large quantities of itare formed as a byproduct of theSolvay process and it can be preparedby dissolving calcium carbonateor calcium oxide in hydrochloricacid. Crystals of the anhydrous saltcan only be obtained if the hydratedsalt is heated in a stream of hydrogenchloride. Solid calcium chloride isused in mines and on roads to reducedust problems, whilst the molten saltis the electrolyte in the extraction ofcalcium. An aqueous solution of calciumchloride is used in refrigerationplants. | [Preparation]
Calcium chloride is obtained as a by-product in the manufacture of sodium carbonate (soda ash) by ammonia-soda (Solvay) process. The process involves the reaction of sodium chloride with calcium carbonate and ammonia. Calcium chloride is currently produced in bulk amounts by evaporation of natural underground brines. In the laboratory, calcium chloride can be prepared by treating limestone with hydrochloric acid followed by evaporation of solution to obtain crystals. The crystals are dehydrated to obtain anhydrous salt. Calcium oxide or hydroxide may be used instead of carbonate. | [Production Methods]
Calcium chloride is a principal byproduct from the Solvay process. | [Brand name]
Cal Plus (Mallinckrodt). | [Flammability and Explosibility]
Nonflammable | [Pharmaceutical Applications]
The main applications of calcium chloride as an excipient relate to
its dehydrating properties and, therefore, it has been used as an
antimicrobial preservative, as a desiccant, and as an astringent in
eye lotions.
Therapeutically, calcium chloride injection 10% (as the dihydrate
form) is used to treat hypocalcemia. | [Safety]
Calcium chloride is used in topical, ophthalmic, and injection
preparations. The pure form of calcium chloride is toxic by
intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous
routes, and moderately toxic by ingestion, causing stomach and
heart disturbances. It is a severe eye irritant and can cause
dermatitis.
LD50 (mouse, IP): 0.21 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, IV): 0.042 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, oral): 1.94 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, SC): 0.82 g/kg
LD50 (rat, IM): 0.025 g/kg
LD50 (rat, IP): 0.26 g/kg
LD50 (rat, oral): 1.0 g/kg
LD50 (rat, SC): 2.63 g/kg | [storage]
Calcium chloride is chemically stable; however, it should be
protected from moisture. Store in airtight containers in a cool, dry
place. | [Properties and Applications]
|
ITEMS
|
SPECIFICATION
|
|
APPEARANCE
|
WHITE,HARD ODORLESS FLAKE,
POWDER,PELLET,GRANULE
|
|
CALCIUM CHLORIDE(As CaCl2)
|
94% min
|
|
MAGNESIUM&ALKALI METAL SALT (As NaCl)
|
3.5% max
|
|
WATER INSOLUBLE MATTER
|
0.2% max
|
|
ALKALINITY(As Ca(OH)2)
|
0.20% max
|
|
SULFATE (As CaSO4)
|
0.20% max
|
|
pH VALUE
|
7-11
|
|
As
|
5 ppm max
|
|
Pb
|
10 ppm max
|
|
Fe
|
10 ppm max
|
| [Purification Methods]
It is available as fused granules or cubic crystals. It is very hygroscopic, very soluble in H2O (exothermic), and EtOH. Store it in a tightly closed container. [Ehrlich in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 931 1963.] | [Regulatory Status]
GRAS listed. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database
(injections, ophthalmic preparations, suspensions, creams).
Included in medicines licensed in the UK (eye drops; intraocular
irrigation; vaccines; injection powders for reconstitution; nebulizer
solution; oral suspension). |
| Questions And Answer | Back Directory | [Chemical Properties]
Calcium chloride, CaC12, is colorless deliquescent solid that is soluble in water and ethanol. It is formed from the reaction of calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid or calcium hydroxide and ammonium chloride. It is used in medicine, as an antifreeze, and as a coagulant.
Calcium Chloride Powder
| [Uses]
Calcium chloride (CaCl2) has many uses. It is used as a drying agent and to melt ice and snow on highways, to control dust, to thaw building materials (sand, gravel, concrete, and so on). It is also used in various food and pharmaceutical industries and as a fungicide.
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