Hexamethylphosphorsaeuretriamid Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE, BEWEGLICHE FLüSSIGKEIT.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen oder Verbrennen unter Bildung giftiger Rauche mit Phosphoroxiden, Stickstoffoxiden.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: Hautresorption Krebskategorie A3 (bestätigte krebserzeugende Wirkung beim Tier mit unbekannter Bedeutung für den Menschen); (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: Hautresorption; Krebserzeugend Kategorie 2; (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation und über die Haut.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Nur ungenügende Angaben vorhanden über die Geschwindigkeit, mit der eine gesundheitsschädliche Konzentration in der Luft beim Verdampfen bei 20°C erreicht wird.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf Lunge, Nieren und Zentralnervensystem mit nachfolgenden Funktionsstörungen und Depression.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf Atemwege, Nieren und Knochenmark. Möglicherweise krebserzeugend für den Menschen. Kann zu genetischen Schäden führen.
LECKAGE
Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit möglichst in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Umgebungsluftunabhängiges Atemschutzgerät.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R45:Kann Krebs erzeugen.
R46:Kann vererbbare Schäden verursachen.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S53:Exposition vermeiden - vor Gebrauch besondere Anweisungen einholen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
Chemische Eigenschaften
colourless or light amber liquid with an aromatic spicy odour
Verwenden
Hexamethylphosphoramide is a dipolar co-solvent and an effective additive used in reactions like reduction of halides, deoxygenation of sulfones, halide olefin couplings and cleavage of carbon-sulfur bond.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Clear colorless to light amber liquid with a spicy odor.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Water soluble.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Hexamethylphosphoramide may react with strong oxidizing agents and strong acids . Susceptible to formation of highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides.
Hazard
Possible carcinogen. Toxic by skin contact.
Combustible.
Health Hazard
The acute toxicity of hexamethylphosphoramide is low. HMPA can cause irritation
upon contact with the skin and eyes. Hexamethylphosphoramide has been found to
cause cancer in laboratory animals exposed by inhalation and meets the criteria for
classification as an OSHA "select carcinogen." Chronic exposure to HMPA can
cause damage to the lungs and kidneys. Reproductive effects in male animals treated
with hexamethylphosphoramide have been observed. HMPA should be regarded as a
substance with poor warning properties.
Brandgefahr
Hexamethylphosphoramide is combustible.
Flammability and Explosibility
Combustible liquid. Its decomposition at high temperatures or in a fire can produce phosphine, phosphorus oxides, and oxides of nitrogen, which are extremely toxic. Carbon dioxide or dry chemical extinguishers should be used for HMPA fires.
mögliche Exposition
Hexamethylphosphoric triamide is a
material possessing unique properties and is widely used as
a solvent in small quantities, in organic and organometallic
reactions in laboratories. This is the major source of occu pational exposure to HMPA in the United States. It is also
used as a processing solvent in the manufacture of aramid
fibers. HMPA has been evaluated for use as an ultraviolet
light absorber or inhibitor in polyvinylchloride formulations;
as an additive for antistatic effects; as a flame retardant; and
as a deicing additive for jet fuels. Hexamethylphosphoric
triamide has also been extensively investigated as an insect
chemosterilant.
Carcinogenicity
Hexamethylphosphoramide is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.
Lager
this compound should be handled only in a fume hood, using appropriate impermeable gloves and splash goggles to prevent skin and eye contact. Containers of this substance should be stored in secondary containers.
Versand/Shipping
UN3082 Environmentally hazardous substances,
liquid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous haz ardous material, Technical Name Required
läuterung methode
The industrial synthesis is usually by treatment of POCl3 with excess of dimethylamine in isopropyl ether. Impurities are water, dimethylamine and its hydrochloride. It is purified by refluxing over BaO or CaO at about 4mm pressure in an atmosphere of nitrogen for several hours, then distilled from sodium at the same pressure. The middle fraction (b ca 90o) is collected, refluxed over sodium under reduced pressure under nitrogen and distilled. It is kept in the dark under nitrogen, and stored in solid CO2. It can also be stored over 4A molecular sieves. Alternatively, it is distilled under vacuum from CaH2 at 60o and is crystallised twice in a cold room at 0o, seeding the liquid with crystals obtained by cooling in liquid nitrogen. After about two-thirds are frozen, the remaining liquid is drained off [Fujinaga et al. Pure Appl Chem 44 117 1975]. For tests of purity see Fujinaga et al. in Purification of Solvents, Coetzee Ed., Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1982. For efficiency of desiccants in drying HMPA see Burfield and Smithers [J Org Chem 43 3966 1978, Sammes et al. J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans 1 281 1986]. [Beilstein 4 IV 284.] CARCINOGEN.
Inkompatibilitäten
Incompatible (possibly violent reaction;
fire and explosions) with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates,peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine,
fluorine, etc.). Keep away from alkaline materials, chemi cally active metals, strong acids, strong bases.
Waste disposal
Excess hexamethylphosphoramide and waste material containing this substance should be placed in an appropriate container, clearly labeled, and handled according to your institution's waste disposal guidelines.
Hexamethylphosphorsaeuretriamid Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
