N-Nitroso-diphenylamin Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
GELBE FLOCKEN.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Verbrennen unter Bildung von Stickstoffoxiden. Reagiert heftig mit Oxidationsmitteln.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: Krebserzeugend Kategorie 3B (DFG 2006).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Verdampfung bei 20°C vernachlässigbar; eine gesundheitsschädliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch beim Dispergieren schnell erreicht werden.
LECKAGE
Verschüttetes Material in Behältern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.
R39/23/24/25:Giftig: ernste Gefahr irreversiblen Schadens durch Einatmen, Berührung mit der Haut und durch Verschlucken.
R23/24/25:Giftig beim Einatmen, Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S22:Staub nicht einatmen.
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S53:Exposition vermeiden - vor Gebrauch besondere Anweisungen einholen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S7:Behälter dicht geschlossen halten.
Chemische Eigenschaften
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine is a yellow to orangebrown crystalline solid. Soluble in acetone, benzene, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, ether and carbon disulfide, soluble in hot alcohol, slightly soluble in gasoline, insoluble in water. In the hydrochloric acid methanol solution, a shift reaction can occur, and it can be transformed into p-nitrosodiphenylamine.
Definition
ChEBI: N-Nitrosodiphenylamine is a member of phenylhydrazines. It is an industrial compound that formerly used as a vulcanization retarder in the rubber industry.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
N-nitrosodiphenylamine appears as yellow to brown or orange powder or flakes or a black solid. Insoluble in water and denser in water. Hence sinks in water. (NTP, 1992)
Air & Water Reaktionen
Insoluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine may be sensitive to moisture at elevated temperatures in strongly acidic solutions. May react vigorously with oxidizing agents. May undergo trans-nitrosation reactions with secondary amines .
Health Hazard
ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: When heated to decomposition N-Nitrosodiphenylamine emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides.
Brandgefahr
Flash point data for N-Nitrosodiphenylamine are not available; however, N-Nitrosodiphenylamine is probably combustible.
Sicherheitsprofil
Moderately toxic by
ingestion. An eye irritant. Questionable
carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic
and tumorigenic data. Human mutation data
reported. Dangerous fire hazard when
exposed to heat, flame, or oxidzing
materials. Can react vigorously with
oxidizing materials. When heated to
decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of
NOx,. See also NITROSAMINES.
mögliche Exposition
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine is not a naturally
occurring substance; it is a man-made chemical that is
no longer produced in the United States. It was used in the
manufacture of plastics, resins, rubber and synthetic textiles;
to help control processes involved in making rubber
products, such as tires and mechanical goods; however, in
the early 1980s, the United States manufacturers stopped
producing N-nitrosodiphenylamine because new and more
efficient chemicals were found to replace its uses. In addition,
the use of N-nitrosodiphenylamine had several undesirable
side effects which do not occur with the
replacement chemicals.
Carcinogenicity
Two feeding experiments with NDPhA in rats were totally
negative (no tumors). One used daily doses of 120 mg/kg
body weight to a total dose of 65 g/kg, and another used
a lower dose for only 53 weeks. Another experiment
involved larger groups of rats and mice and higher doses. In
mice, after 2 years, there was occasional hyperplasia of the
bladder mucosa, but no tumors; in rats given 4000 mg
NDPhA/kg diet for 2 years, 16/45 males and 40/49 females
had transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder. IARC classified
NDPhA as not classifiable as to carcinogenicity in
humans (Group 3).
Environmental Fate
Chemical/Physical. At temperatures greater than 85 °C, technical grades may decompose to
nitrogen oxides (IARC, 1978). N-Nitrosodiphenylamine will not hydrolyze because it does not
contain a hydrolyzable functional group (Kollig, 1993).
At influent concentrations of 10, 1.0, 0.1, and 0.01 mg/L, the GAC adsorption capacities were 510,
120, 91, and 38 mg/g, respectively (Dobbs and Cohen, 1980).
Versand/Shipping
UN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical
Name Required.
Inkompatibilitäten
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions.
Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Contact with reducing
agents may form hydrazine; hydrogen bromide. Light sensitive;
rapidly decomposes.
Waste disposal
Burn in admixture with flammable
solvent in furnace equipped with afterburner and
scrubber.
Einzelnachweise
[1] Peng, Xiuying et al. “Electrochemical sensor for facile detection of trace N-nitrosodiphenylamine based on poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)-stabilized graphene/platinum nanoparticles.” New Journal of Chemistry 2 (2018): 820–826.
N-Nitroso-diphenylamin Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
