Lithiumiodid Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R36/38:Reizt die Augen und die Haut.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
Chemische Eigenschaften
White to off-white crystalline powder
Physikalische Eigenschaften
White cubic crystals; refractive index 1.955; density 4.076 g/cm
3; melts at 449°C; vaporizes around 1,180°C; highly soluble in water (165 g/100g at 20°C), solubility greatly increases in hot water (433g/100g at 80°C); also very soluble in methanol (343 g/100g at 20°C) and ammonia; soluble in acetone (42.6g/100g at 18°C).
The trihydrate, LiI?3H
2O, is a yellowish solid (due to the release of iodine when exposed to air); hexagonal crystals; hygroscopic; density 3.48 g/cm
3; loses iodine when heated in air; loses one molecule of water of crystallization at 73°C becoming dihydrate, LiI?2H
2O and loses the second molecule at 80°C, forming monohydrate, LiI?H
2O and becomes anhydrous at 130°C; highly soluble in water; soluble in ethanol and acetone.
Verwenden
It is used as a absorbent in refrigeration process, as a catalyst, and in photography. It is also useful for organic synthesis, pessat iodination, cleavage of esters, ethers, epoxides, decarboethoxylation, carbonylation, and aldol condensation. It is used for manufacturing medicines and mineral waters. It is used in electochemicstry and redox reactions. Lithium iodide is also a catalyzed conjugate addition reaction of β-dicarbonyl compounds. It is also useful for tetrathioquinodimethane.
synthetische
The trihydrate salt is obtained by neutralization of lithium hydroxide or lithium carbonate solution with pure hydriodic acid followed by concentration of the solution for crystallization:
LiOH + HI → LiI + H
2O
When heated in a vacuum, the trihydrate dehydrates to anhydrous salt.
läuterung methode
Crystallise it from hot water (0.5mL/g) by cooling in a CaCl2-ice EtOH or from an acetone-Dry-Ice bath. Dry it under a vacuum over P2O5 for 1hour at 60o and then at 120o. It is deliquescent and should be stored in a tightly stoppered vessel in the dark.
Lithiumiodid Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
