ベンジルブロミド 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色～うすい黄色, 澄明の液体
溶解性
エタノール及びアセトンに溶け、水にほとんど溶けない。
解説
ベンジルブロミド,刺激臭のある無色の催涙性液体．皮膚，眼，粘膜を強く刺激する．融点－4 ℃，沸点198 ℃，127 ℃(10 kPa)．d022"1.4380．nD20"1.5752．λmax 224.5 nm(log ε 3.87)．エタノール，エーテルに易溶，水に不溶．求電子置換反応を受けやすく，ベンジル化剤として用いられる．水によって徐々に分解されて，香料の重要な原料であるベンジルアルコールを与える．
森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
用途
医薬中間体
用途
有機合成原料。
製造
ベンジルブロミド,沸騰したトルエンに臭素を作用させるか，ジベンジルエーテルと臭素との反応によって得られる．
化学的特性
Benzyl bromide is an aromatic compound in which the benzene ring substituted with a bromomethyl group, and is produced by the reaction of toluene with bromine in the presence of an oxidizing agent. It is a combustible, colorless to yellow liquid with a pleasant odor. insoluble in water and easily soluble in most organic solvents. Has a strong tearing effect and unpleasant pungent odor, minimum irritant concentration of 4 mg/m3, intolerable concentration of 50-60 mg/m3.
使用
Benzyl bromide is widely useful in organic synthesis as a benzyl protecting group for alcohols and carboxylic acids. It is used in the preparation of foaming and frothing agents, quaternary ammonium compounds, peniclins, photographic chemicals, synthetic resins, dyes and plasticizers and esters. It is also involved in the synthesis of (E)-(2-Iodovinyl)benzene by reacting it with diiodomethane.
定義
ChEBI: Benzyl bromide is a member of the class of benzyl bromides that is toluene substituted on the alpha-carbon with bromine. It has a role as a lachrymator.
製造方法
Benzyl bromide is synthesized by toluene bromination. Toluene heated to 50°C, add bromine reaction, the reaction temperature of 75-80°C, reaction 6h, fractional distillation at atmospheric pressure to remove the fraction before 140°C, and then distillation under reduced pressure, collect 112-114°C(2.0kPa) fraction, to get benzyl bromide.
一般的な説明
Benzyl bromide appears as a colorless liquid with an agreeable odor. Toxic by inhalation and by skin absorption. It is slightly soluble in water and denser than water (density 1.44 g / cm3 (Aldrich)). A lachrymator. Corrosive to metals and tissue.
空気と水の反応
Sensitive to exposure to light and moisture. Slightly soluble in water.
反応プロフィール
Benzyl bromide reacts with water, alcohols, common metals (except nickel and lead), bases, amines and oxidizing agents. . Benzyl bromide stored over activated 4A molecular sieve burst a bottle due to condensation-polymerization reaction with generation of HBr gas, [Chem. Eng. News, 1979, 57(12), 74].
危険性
Highly toxic. Corrosive to skin and tissue. A lachrymator.
健康ハザード
Inhalation causes irritation of nose and throat; severe exposure may cause pulmonary edema. Vapors cause severe eye irritation; liquid can burn eyes. Skin contact causes irritation. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach.
化学反応性
Reactivity with Water Reacts slowly generating hydrogen bromide (hydrobromic acid); Reactivity with Common Materials: Decomposes rapidly in the presence of all common metals except nickel and lead, liberating heat and hydrogen bromide; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Rinse with sodium bicarbonate or lime solution; Polymerization: Polymerizes with evolution of heat and hydrogen bromide when in presence with all common metals except nickel and lead; Inhibitor of Polymerization: None.
安全性プロファイル
Intensely irritating and corrosiveto skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Large doses causecentral nervous system depression. Mutation datareported. Reaction with molecular sieve produces toxichydrogen bromide gas.
職業ばく露
It is used as a chemical intermediate;
in organic syntheses; as a foaming and frothing agent.
輸送方法
UN1737 Benzyl Bromide, Hazard class: 6.1;
Labels: 6.1—Poisonous materials, 8—Corrosive material.
純化方法
Wash benzyl chloride with conc H2SO4 (CARE), water, 10% Na2CO3 or NaHCO3 solution, and again with water. Dry it with CaCl2, Na2CO3 or MgSO4 and fractionally distil it in the dark, under reduced pressure. It has also been thoroughly degassed at 10-6 mm and redistilled in the dark. This gives material with max (MeCN): 226nm ( 8200) [Mohammed & Kosower J Am Chem Soc 93 2709 1971]. [Beilstein 5 IV 829.] Handle in a fume cupboard, extremely LACHRYMATORY.
不和合性
May form explosive mixture with air.
Contact with water forms hydrogen bromide and benzyl
alcohol. Incompatible with strong oxidizers, bases, magnesium.
Attacks metals, except nickel and lead, in the
presence of moisture.
廃棄物の処理
Pour into vermiculite, sodium
bicarbonate, or a sand-soda ash mixture and transfer to
paper boxes, then to an open incinerator. Alternatively, mix
Benzyl Bromide 417
with flammable solvent and spray into incinerator equipped
with after burner and alkali scrubber.
ベンジルブロミド 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品