Diquat und seine Salze Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
Vorbereitung Methode
Diquat is manufactured in the United Kingdom by the
oxidative coupling of two molecules of pyridine over a
heated Raney nickel catalyst to produce 2,20-bipyridyl,
which is reacted with ethylene dibromide in water to give
diquat dibromide. It is formulated worldwide in various
water-soluble products and in various concentrations, typically
2 lb/gal.
Definition
ChEBI: The organic cation formed formally by addition of an ethylene bridge between the nitrogen atoms of 2,2'-bipyridine. Most often available as the dibromide.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Diquat ion is a yellow crystalline solid dissolved in a liquid carrier. Diquat ion is a water emulsifiable liquid. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. Since Diquat ion is a liquid Diquat ion can easily penetrate the soil and contaminate groundwater and nearby streams. Diquat ion can cause illness by inhalation, skin absorption and/or ingestion. Diquat ion is used as a herbicide.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Water soluble. Solutions are stable in neutral and acid solutions; however, they are unstable in alkaline solutions.
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Diquat ion is light sensitive. Diquat ion can corrode aluminum and other metals.
Health Hazard
INHALATION: No appreciable vapor pressure. Prolonged contact with spray or mist may cause oral and nasal irritation. EYES: Irritation. SKIN: Irritation. INGESTION: Vomiting, diarrhea, general malaise. Possible kidney and liver damage, dyspnea, and pulmonary edema. With large doses there may be tremors or convulsions. OTHER: May be fatal if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through skin.
Brandgefahr
Behavior in Fire: Decomposes at high temperature, charring rather than melting or boiling.
Landwirtschaftliche Anwendung
Herbicide, Desiccant: Diquat or diquat dibromide is a nonselective,
quick-acting herbicide and plant growth regulator, causing
injury only to the parts of the plant to which it is applied.
Diquat is referred to as a desiccant because it causes a leaf
or an entire plant to dry out quickly. It is used to desiccate
potato vines and seed crops, to control flowering of sugarcane, and for industrial and aquatic weed control in environments such as catfish farms. It is not residual; it does not
leave any trace of herbicide on or in plants, soil, or water.
Handelsname
AQUACIDE®; AQUA-CLEAR®[C]
AQUAKILL®; CLEANSWEEP®; DEIQUAT®;
DEXTRONE®; FARMON PDQ®; FB/2®; FEGLOX®;
GROUNDHOG SOLTAIR®; ORTHO DIQUAT®;
PATHCLEAR®; PREEGLONE®; REGLON®;
REGLONE®; Zeneca Ag Products; REGLOX®;
REWARD®; TAG®; TORPEDO®; VEGATROLE®;
WEEDOL (ICI)®; WEEDTRINE-D®
Carcinogenicity
Several carcinogenicity studies
have been conducted on diquat by the oral route.
In a 2-year feeding study at doses as high as 75 mg/kg in
mice, and a drinking water study at doses as high as
2.6 mg/L of water in rats, no evidence of tumorigenicity
was seen. Similar negative results were reported for diquat
in a 2-year feeding study (Hayes, 1991) in rats at dose levels
up to 720 mg/kg and in a 2-year drinking water study in mice
at doses of 2–4 mg/kg.
Diquat und seine Salze Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
