Pentan-2-on Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Die Dämpfe mischen sich leicht mit Luft. Bildung explosionsfähiger Gemische. Fließen, Schütten o.ä. kann zu elektrostatischer Aufladung führen.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Reagiert sehr heftig mit starken Oxidationsmitteln, starken Basen, Aminen und Isocyanaten.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 200 ppm (als TWA) 250 ppm (als STEL) (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: IIb (nicht festgelegt, aber Informationen vorhanden) (DFG 2008).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation der Dämpfe und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C tritt langsam eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft ein.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz reizt die Augen, die Haut und die Atemwege. Exposition oberhalb der Arbeitsplatzgrenzwerte kann Bewusstseinstrübung verursachen.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Wiederholter oder andauernder Hautkontakt kann Dermatitis hervorrufen.
LECKAGE
Belüftung. Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Kanalisation spülen.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S9:Behälter an einem gut gelüfteten Ort aufbewahren.
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S29:Nicht in die Kanalisation gelangen lassen.
S33:Maßnahmen gegen elektrostatische Aufladungen treffen.
S37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
Chemische Eigenschaften
2-Pentanone has an ethereal, fruity odor.
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Clear, colorless, very flammable liquid with a characteristic, pungent odor. An odor threshold
concentration of 20 ppb
v was determined by a triangular odor bag method (Nagata and Takeuchi,
1990). Cometto-Mu?iz et al. (2000) reported nasal pungency threshold concentration ranging from
approximately 500 to 3,200 ppm.
Occurrence
Reported found in wood spirit; also present in Ananas sativus; a few banana species, grapevines and some
citrus fruits. Also reported found in over 120 foods and beverages including fresh apple, papaya, fresh blackberry, vinegar, wheaten
bread, other types of bread, Swiss cheese, Camembert cheese, cheddar cheese, other cheeses, white wine, unprocessed rice, water
yam, apricot, orange juice, guava, grapes, pear, pineapple, strawberry, asparagus, carrot, celery, peas, tomato, butter, yogurt, cream,
milk powder, buttermilk, boiled egg, caviar, raw fish, cooked chicken and beef, pork fat, pork liver, hop oil, beer, cognac, rum,
bourbon whiskey, white wine, cocoa, coffee, roasted filberts and peanuts, peanut oil, potato chips, oat flakes, honey, soybean, passion
fruit, plum, beans, mushroom, starfruit, trassi, mango, globe artichoke, rice, soursop, malt, loquat, endive, shrimp, crab, lamb’s
lettuce and cape gooseberry.
Verwenden
2-Pentanone is used as a solvent for lacquers and surface coatings. It acts as a flavoring agent. It is also used as a solvent for cleaning and degreasing purpose. Further, it serves as an intermediate, paint additive and coating additive.
Definition
ChEBI: 2-Pentanone is a pentanone carrying an oxo substituent at position 2. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a methyl ketone and a pentanone.
synthetische
2-Pentanone was Prepared by dry distillation of a mixture consisting of calcium acetate and calcium butyrate; also by oxidation of sodium or ammonium n-caproate with H2O2.
Application
2-Pentanone is a flavoring agent that is a clear liquid, colorless, with flowery odor. it is miscible in alcohol and ether and soluble in water. it is obtained by chemical synthesis. it is also termed methyl propyl ketone. Methyl propyl ketone (MPK) is used as a solvent, substitute for diethyl ketone, in organic synthesis.
Vorbereitung Methode
MPK can be manufactured by oxidation of 2-pentanol, from
ethylene and methyl acetoacetate, or by distillation of a
mixture of calcium acetate and calcium butyrate. Commercial
purity can be 90% MPK; however, some commercial
materials are a mixture of MPK and diethylketone with small
amounts of sec-amyl acetate.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A clear colorless liquid with the odor of fingernail polish. Flash point 45°F. Less dense than water and soluble in water. Hence floats on water. Density 0.809 g / cm3. Vapors heavier than air.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Highly flammable. Soluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
2-Pentanone is incompatible with oxidizing agents, strong bases and reducing agents. Reacts violently with bromine trifluoride .
Hazard
Flammable, dangerous fire risk, explosivelimits in air 1.6–8.2%. Eye irritant and affects pul-monary function.
Health Hazard
Exposure can cause irritation of eyes, nose and throat.
Brandgefahr
Flammable liquid; flash point (closed cup)
7°C (45°F); vapor density 3 (air = 1); vapor
pressure 27 torr at 20°C (68°F); the vapor can
travel a considerable distance to an ignition
source and flash back; autoignition temperature 452°C (846°F); fire- extinguishing agent:
“alcohol” foam; a water spray may be used to
absorb the heat and flush the spill away from
exposures. MPK forms an explosive mixture
with air in the range 1.5–8.2% by volume
of air. Heating with oxidizers can cause an
explosion (U.S. EPA 1988).
Sicherheitsprofil
Moderately toxic by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Mildly toxic by skin contact and inhalation. Human systemic effects by inhalation: headache, nausea, irritation of the respiratory passages, eyes, and skin. A skin irritant. Mutation data reported. A hghly flammable liquid. A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidzing materials. An explosion hazard in the form of vapor when exposed to heat or flame. To fight fue, use alcohol foam. Mxtures with bromine trifluoride may explode during evaporation. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also KETONES
mögliche Exposition
MPK is used as a solvent; as a
synthetic food flavoring agent; and in organic synthesis;
as a solvent replacement for diethyl ketone and acetone.
Environmental Fate
Chemical/Physical. Atkinson et al. (2000) studied the gas-phase reaction of 2-pentanone with
OH radicals in purified air at 25 °C and 740 mmHg. A relative rate constant of 4.56 x 10
-12
cm
3/molecule·sec was calculated for this reaction. Reaction products identified by GC, FTIR, and
atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectroscopy were (with respective molar yields)
were: formaldehyde, 1.03; acetaldehyde, 0.51; propanal, 0.19; 2,4-pentanedione, 0.12; and
molecular weight 147 organic nitrates.
At an influent concentration of 1.0 g/L, treatment with GAC resulted in an effluent
concentration of 305 mg/L. The adsorbability of the GAC was 139 mg/g carbon (Guisti et al.,
1974).
Will not hydrolyze in water because 3-pentanone does not contain a hydrolyzable group.
Versand/Shipping
UN1249 Methyl propyl ketone, Hazard Class: 3;
Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.
läuterung methode
Purify the ketone by refluxing it with a little KMnO4, dry it with CaSO4 and distil it. It can be converted to its bisulfite addition compound by shaking with excess saturated aqueous NaHSO3 at room temperature, cooling to 0o, filtering, washing with diethyl ether and drying. Steam distillation of the adduct gives a distillate from which the ketone is recovered, washed with aqueous NaHCO3 and distilled water, dried (K2CO3) and fractionally distilled. [Waring & Garik J Am Chem Soc 78 5198 1956, Beilstein 1 IV 3271.]
Inkompatibilitäten
Ketones are incompatible with oxidizers
(chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates,
chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires
or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong
bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, nitrated amines,
azo, diazo, azido compounds, carbamates, organic cyanates.
Attacks some plastics
Waste disposal
Dissolve or mix the material
with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical
incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All
federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be
observed.
Pentan-2-on Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
