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| 融点 | >300 °C (lit.) | | 比重(密度) | 1,44 g/cm3 | | 蒸気圧 | 0Pa at 20℃ | | FEMA | 3025 | SODIUM BENZOATE | | 闪点 | >100°C | | 貯蔵温度 | room temp | | 溶解性 | H2O: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless | | 酸解離定数(Pka) | 4.03[at 20 ℃] | | 外見 | Crystals, Granules, Flakes or Crystalline Powder | | 色 | White | | PH | 7.0-8.5 (25℃, 1M in H2O) | | 臭い (Odor) | odorless | | 水溶解度 | soluble | | Merck | 14,8582 | | BRN | 3572467 | | 安定性： | Stable, but may be moisture senstive. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, alkalis, mineral acids. | | InChIKey | WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M | | LogP | 1.88 | | CAS データベース | 532-32-1(CAS DataBase Reference) | | NISTの化学物質情報 | Sodium benzoate(532-32-1) | | EPAの化学物質情報 | Sodium benzoate (532-32-1) |
| | 安息香酸ナトリウム Usage And Synthesis |
| 外観 | 白色の結晶性の粉末又は粒 | | 定義 | 本品は、安息香酸(*)のナトリウム塩であり、次の化学式で表される。
参照表示名称：安息香酸 | | 溶解性 | 無色澄明 (1.0g, 水5mL) | | 用途 | 清涼飲料、しょう油 | | 化粧品の成分用途 | 防腐剤、腐蝕防止剤、香料 | | 効能 | 高アンモニア血症治療薬, 防腐剤 | | 主な用途／役割 | 有機系結晶核剤、カルボン酸金属塩タイプ、ＰＰ用 | | 商品名 | 安息香酸ナトリウム (丸石製薬); 安息香酸ナトリウム (小堺製薬) | | 説明 | Sodium benzoate has the chemical formula NaC7H5O2; it is a widely used food preservative, with E number E211. It is the sodium salt of benzoic acid and exists in this form when dissolved in water. It can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid. | | 化学的特性 | Sodium benzoate is a white crystalline solid. It is odorless and nonflammable | | 化学的特性 | Benzoic acid is almost odorless or exhibits a sweet, faint, balsamic odor and a sweet–sour to acrid taste. For a detailed description, refer to Burdock (1997). | | 化学的特性 | Sodium benzoate occurs as a white granular or crystalline, slightly
hygroscopic powder. It is odorless, or with faint odor of benzoin
and has an unpleasant sweet and saline taste. | | 天然物の起源 | Benzoic acid occurs naturally in many plants and in animals. The salt is not found to occur naturally. | | 使用 | Sodium benzoate is a preservative. It is bacteriostatic and fungistatic under acidic conditions. It is most widely used in acidic foods such as salad dressings (vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (vinegar), and condiments. It is also used as a preservative in medicines and cosmetics. As a food additive, sodium benzoate has the E number E211.
It is also used in fireworks as a fuel in whistle mix, a powder that emits a whistling noise when compressed into a tube and ignited. The fuel is also one of the fastest burning rocket fuels and provides a lot of thrust and smoke. It does have its downsides: there is a high danger of explosion when the fuel is sharply compressed because of the fuel's sensitivity to impact. | | 使用 | A benzene compound used as a synthetic reagent. | | 使用 | Vasodilator | | 使用 | Sodium Benzoate is a preservative that is the sodium salt of benzoic
acid. it converts to benzoic acid, which is the active form. it has a
solubility in water of 50 g in 100 ml at 25°c. sodium benzoate is 180
times as soluble in water at 25°c as is the parent acid. the optimum
functionality occurs between ph 2.5 and 4.0 and it is not recom-
mended above ph 4.5. it is active against yeasts and bacteria. it is
used in acidic foods such as fruit juices, jams, relishes, and bever-
ages. its use level ranges from 0.03 to 0.10%. | | 使用 | sodium benzoate is a non-toxic, organic salt preservative that is particularly effective against yeast, with some activity against molds and bacteria. It is generally used in concentrations of 0.1 to 0.2 percent. | | 使用 | Antimicrobial agent, flavoring agent and adjuvant in food; not to exceed a maximum level of 0.1% in food (21 CFR, 184.1733, 582.3733). Antifungal and bacteriostatic preservative in pharmaceuticals at concentrations of ~0.1%. Clinical reagent (bilirubin assay). | | 調製方法 | Sodium benzoate is prepared by adding benzoic acid to a hot concentrated solution of sodium carbonate until effervescence ceases. The solution is then evaporated, cooled and allowed to crystallize or evaporate to dryness, and then granulated. | | 定義 | sodium benzoate: An either colourlesscrystalline or white amorphouspowder, C6H5COONa, soluble inwater and slightly soluble in ethanol.It is made by the reaction of sodiumhydroxide with benzoic acid and isused in the dyestuffs industry and asa food preservative. It was formerlyused as an antiseptic. | | 製造方法 | Produced by the neutralization of benzoic acid with sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide. | | 調製方法 | Prepared by the treatment of benzoic acid with either sodium
carbonate or sodium bicarbonate. | | 定義 | ChEBI: An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of benzoic acid by a sodium ion. | | 一般的な説明 | Sodium benzoate is a sodium salt of benzoic acid, that is freely soluble in water compared to benzoic acid. It is generally used as an antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics, food, and pharmaceuticals.
Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control, provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards. | | 危険性 | Use in foods limited to 0.1%. | | 燃焼性と爆発性 | Non flammable | | 応用例（製薬） | Sodium benzoate is used primarily as an antimicrobial preservative
in cosmetics, foods, and pharmaceuticals. It is used in concentrations
of 0.02–0.5% in oral medicines, 0.5% in parenteral products,
and 0.1–0.5% in cosmetics. The usefulness of sodium benzoate as a
preservative is limited by its effectiveness over a narrow pH range.
Sodium benzoate is used in preference to benzoic acid in some
circumstances, owing to its greater solubility. However, in some
applications it may impart an unpleasant flavor to a product.
Sodium benzoate has also been used as a tablet lubricant at 2–5%
w/w concentrations. Solutions of sodium benzoate have also been administered, orally or intravenously, in order to determine liver
function. | | Biochem/physiol Actions | Sodium benzoate also has pharmaceutical applications and is component of syrup and transparent tablet. High levels of sodium benzoate may trigger histamine release and also induce cell damage. It is recommended for the treatment of urea cycle disorders. However, high levels of sodium benzoate may contribute to glycine deficiency and may impose neuromodulatory effects. | | 安全性プロファイル | Poison by subcutaneous and intravenous routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion, intramuscular, and intraperitoneal routes. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. Larger doses of 8-10 g by mouth may cause nausea and vomiting. Small doses have little or no effect. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Na2O. See also BENZOIC ACID. | | 安全性 | In combination with ascorbic acid (vitamin C, E300), sodium benzoate and potassium benzoate form benzene, a known carcinogen. However, in most beverages that contain both, the benzene levels are below those considered dangerous for consumption. Heat, light and shelf life can affect the rate at which benzene is formed. | | 安全性 | Ingested sodium benzoate is conjugated with glycine in the liver to
yield hippuric acid, which is excreted in the urine. Symptoms of systemic benzoate toxicity resemble those of salicylates. Whereas
oral administration of the free-acid form may cause severe gastric
irritation, benzoate salts are well tolerated in large quantities: e.g. 6
g of sodium benzoate in 200mL of water is administered orally as a
liver function test.
Clinical data have indicated that sodium benzoate can produce
nonimmunological contact urtcaria and nonimmunological
immediate contact reactions. However, it is also recognized that
these reactions are strictly cutaneous, and sodium benzoate can
therefore be used safely at concentrations up to 5%. However, this
nonimmunological phenomenon should be considered when
designing formulations for infants and children.
Other adverse effects include anaphylaxis and urticarial
reactions, although a controlled study has shown that the incidence
of urticaria in patients given benzoic acid is no greater than that
with a lactose placebo.
It has been recommended that caffeine and sodium benzoate
injection should not be used in neonates; however, sodium
benzoate has been used by others in the treatment of some neonatal
metabolic disorders. It has been suggested that there is a general
adverse effect of benzoate preservatives on the behavior of 3-yearold
children, which is detectable by parents, but not by a simple
clinical assessment.
The WHO acceptable daily intake of total benzoates, calculated
as benzoic acid, has been estimated at up to 5 mg/kg of bodyweight.
LD50 (mouse, IM): 2.3 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, IV): 1.4 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, oral): 1.6 g/kg
LD50 (rabbit, oral): 2.0 g/kg
LD50 (rat, IV): 1.7 mg/kg
LD50 (rat, oral): 4.1 g/kg | | 職業ばく露 | Sodium benzoate is used as a food and feed additive, flavor, packaging material; pharmaceutical; preservative for food products and tobacco; anti-fungal agent; antiseptic, rust, and mildew inhibitor; intermediate in the manufacture of dyes. Used as a human hygiene biocidal product. | | 貯蔵 | Aqueous solutions may be sterilized by autoclaving or filtration. The bulk material should be stored in a well-closed container, in
a cool, dry place. | | 輸送方法 | UN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required. | | 純化方法 | Crystallise it from EtOH (12mL/g). [Beilstein 9 IV 27.] | | Properties and Applications |
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TEST ITEMS
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SPECIFICATION
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APPEARANCE
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WHITE POWDER
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CONTENT OF SODIUM BENZOATE
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99.0% min
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DRY LOSS
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0.10% max
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pH VALUE
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8
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TOTAL CHLORIDE
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300 ppm max
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TRANSPARENCE
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PASS
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TOTAL HEAVY METAL
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0.001% max
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As CONTENT
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0.0002% max
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| | Mechanism of food preservation | The mechanism starts with the absorption of benzoic acid into the cell. If the intracellular pH changes to 5 or lower, the anaerobic fermentation of glucose through phosphofructokinase is decreased by 95 %, thereby inhibiting the growth and survival of micro-organisms that cause food spoilage. | | 不和合性 | Dust may form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. | | 不和合性 | Incompatible with quaternary compounds, gelatin, ferric salts,
calcium salts, and salts of heavy metals, including silver, lead, and
mercury. Preservative activity may be reduced by interactions with
kaolin or nonionic surfactants. | | 規制状況(Regulatory Status) | GRAS listed. Accepted as a food additive in Europe. Included in the
FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (dental preparations; IM and IV
injections; oral capsules, solutions and tablets; rectal; and topical
preparations). Included in nonparenteral medicines licensed in the
UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal
Ingredients. |
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