Dimethoate

Acute toxicity - Category 4, Oral

Acute toxicity - Category 4, Dermal

H302 Harmful if swallowed

H312 Harmful in contact with skin

P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling.

P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.

P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/...

P301+P317 IF SWALLOWED: Get medical help.

P330 Rinse mouth.

P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/...

P317 Get medical help.

P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label).

P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.

none

P501 Dispose of contents/container to an appropriate treatment and disposal facility in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and product characteristics at time of disposal.

no data available

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Induce vomiting (ONLY IN CONSCIOUS PERSONS!). Rest. Refer for medical attention .

Very toxic; the probable oral lethal dose in humans is between 50-500 mg/kg, or between 1 teaspoon and 1 ounce for a 70 kg (150 lb.) person. Dimethoate is a cholinesterase inhibitor, meaning it affects the central nervous system. Death is due to respiratory arrest arising from failure of respiratory center, paralysis of respiratory muscles, intense bronchoconstriction or all three. (EPA, 1998)

Antidote for acute dimethoate poisoning: 1. Adults: After cyanosis is overcome, use atropine sulfate, 2-4 mg iv. Repeat doses at 5- to 10-min intervals until signs of atropinization appear. Maintain for 24 hr or longer if necessary. 2. Children: Atropine sulfate in proportion to body weight: approx 0.05 mg/kg. 3. Support atropine treatment with 2-PAM (pralidoxime chloride) ... Adult dose: 1 g, slowly, intravenously; Infants: 0.25 g, slowly intravenously ... contraindicated are morphine, aminophylline, theophylline, phenothiazine tranquilizers, and barbiturates. from table

Dry chemicals, carbon dioxide for small fires. Water spray or foam for larger fires.

As with other organophosphorus pesticides, container may explode in heat of fire. The temperature of storage should not exceed 70-80F. Keep away from sources of heat, flames, or spark-generating equipment. Unstable in alkaline solution. Hydrolyzed by aqueous alkali. Stable in aqueous solutions. The compound is stable for 2 years under environmental conditions if stored in undamaged, original containers. (EPA, 1998)

Use water spray, powder, carbon dioxide.

Do NOT wash away into sewer. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus.

Do NOT wash away into sewer. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus.

Use of granular, activated carbon in the adsorption of pesticides from wastewater is presented. Dimethoate was one of the compounds studied.

NO open flames. Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.

Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Separated from food and feedstuffs. Keep in a well-ventilated room.The biological activity remains practically unvaried for 2 yr under environmental conditions, provided stored in unopened and undamaged original containers, in shaded, cool, well-aired places, inaccessible to animals & unauthorized persons. Recommended temp < 25 deg C/77 deg F. Crystals may form in formulations stored at < 32 deg F/0 deg C. Stable a minimum of 1 yr at < 25-30 deg C/77-86 deg F. Stack containers to permit air circulation at bottom & inside of piles. Do not contaminate food, feed products.

no data available

Ensure adequate ventilation. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Set up emergency exits and the risk-elimination area.

Wear safety goggles or face shield.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Use ventilation (not if powder).

no data available

Decomposes on heating. This produces toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides, phosphorus oxides and sulfur oxides.

The biological activity remains practically unvaried for 2 yr under environmental conditions, provided stored in unopened and undamaged original containers, in shaded, cool, well-aired places. ... Crystals may form in formulations stored at < 32 deg F/0 deg C. Stable a minimum of 1 yr at < 25-30 deg C/77-86 deg F.

DIMETHOATE is incompatible with alkaline preparations. It is slightly corrosive to iron. It is incompatible with sulfur based formulations. (NTP, 1992). Organophosphates are susceptible to formation of highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides.

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Dimethoate may decompose violently at temperatures >60 deg C due to catalytic effects. However, it is not considered to be an explosive.

When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of /nitrogen, phosphorous, and sulfur oxides/.

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Cancer Classification: Group C Possible Human Carcinogen

no data available

The substance may cause effects on the nervous system at high levels. Cholinesterase inhibition. Exposure could cause death. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated.

Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis. Cholinesterase inhibition. Cumulative effects are possible. See Acute Hazards/Symptoms. Animal tests show that this substance possibly causes toxic effects upon human reproduction.

Evaporation at 20°C is negligible; a harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly.

AEROBIC: The concn of dimethoate left (initial concn 10 ppb) after various times in raw water from Little Miami river at pH 7.3-8.0 was 10 ppb after 1 hr, 10 ppb after 1 wk, 8.5 ppb after 2 wks, 7.5 ppb after 4wks, and 5.0 ppb after 8 wks(1). Biodegradation may play a minor role in the disappearance of dimethoate in the river water; no experiments were conducted with sterilized river water(1). Half-lives of 171, 173 and 219 days were given for river water, filtered river water and sea water, respectively at 6 deg C, and 43, 29 and 36 days at 22 deg C(2). Percent degradation in chehalis clay loam soil in 2 wk, non-sterile, 77%, autoclaved, 18%, irradiated, 20%(3). Half-lives in soil in June-July averaged 11 days, and less than 2% of applied dimethoate residue detected after 10 months(3). Dimethoate half-lives in soil from Zhejiang Province, China were given as 5.1 and 7.1 days in 1989 and 1990, respectively(4). Dimethoate was given a half-life of 7 days(5-7) and 11 days(8) in an unspecified field soil sample. In laboratory experiments at 20-30 deg C half-lives for degradation were 28.9 and 36.7 days(3). However, dimethoate degraded faster when incubated for 30 days in samples of autoclaved sand, sandy clay loam, loam, and clay soils than in similarly treated nonsterile soils(9). Biodegradation appears to depend on the soil type and the microorganisms present in the soil(9). A half-life of 122 days has been observed in soil(10) which also suggests that biodegradation of dimethoate can be slow. In moist soils, dimethoate is readily oxidized to dimethoxon(11), but the role of microbial degradation on the removal of dimethoate from the environment is uncertain(12). Recovery of dimethoate incubated with enrichment cultures using raw sewage: 0 days, 54 ppm; 0.5 days, 54 ppm; 1 day, 52.5 ppm; 6 days, 22.4 ppm; 9 days, 13.5 ppm; 12 days, not detected(13). Using an initial concn of 100 mg/L dimethoate, 0-17 %Theoretical BOD was observed after a 4 week period in a biodegradation screening test using 30 mg/L sludge(14). Dimethoate has been reported to have an aerobic half-life of 2.2 days(15).

After a 6 week period in a flow through system at 25 deg C, BCF ranges of 1.1-2.4 and 2.7-6 were determined in carp (Cyprinus carpio) using initial concns of 1 and 0.1 mg/L dimethoate, respectively(1). According to a classification scheme(3), these BCFs suggest the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Bioconcentration of dimethoate in Mytillus galloprovincialis after 92 hours exposure at concentrations of 3.2, 5.6, 10, 32 and 56 ug/L was 1.0, 1.1, 1.4, 2.0 and 3.1 ug/g, respectively(3). Bioconcentration of dimethoate in Venus gallina after 92 hours exposure at concentrations of 5.6, 10 and 32 ug/L was 2.2, 2.3 and 3.1 ug/g, respectively(3).

The Koc values for dimethoate were measured to be 18 and 36 in a clay loam soil and clay soil, respectively(1). In other studies, the Koc was measured to be 5.2(2), 50(3) and 17(4) in unspecified soils. The Pesticide Properties Database lists the experimental Koc value for dimethoate as 20(5). According to a suggested classification scheme(6), these Koc values suggest that dimethoate will have very high mobility in soil. Average dimethoate losses due to leaching of various soil columns with the equivalent of 2.5 cm of rain ranged from 39.6% (clay) to 78.6% (sand)(7). In four soils containing less than 1% organic content, the soil TLC Rf values ranged from 0.89 to 0.97(8). The soil TLC Rf values in two other soils (0.35-1.05% OC) was 0.40-0.50 and was not affected by pH or salt concentration changes(9). Of 7 values sited in literature the mean Kd is 0.45(10). Kds were given for soil A (2.4 % clay, 0.8% silt, 96.4% sand, 2.1% organic material, pH 5.3) and soil B (13.4 % clay, 10.8% silt, 75% sand, 1.5% organic material, pH 6.4) as 0.08 and 0.05, respectively(11).

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The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.

Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.

ADR/RID: UN2783 (For reference only, please check.)

IMDG: UN2783 (For reference only, please check.)

IATA: UN2783 (For reference only, please check.)

ADR/RID: ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDE, SOLID, TOXIC (For reference only, please check.)

IMDG: ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDE, SOLID, TOXIC (For reference only, please check.)

IATA: ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDE, SOLID, TOXIC (For reference only, please check.)

ADR/RID: 6.1 (For reference only, please check.)

IMDG: 6.1 (For reference only, please check.)

IATA: 6.1 (For reference only, please check.)

ADR/RID: I (For reference only, please check.)

IMDG: I (For reference only, please check.)

IATA: I (For reference only, please check.)

ADR/RID: No

IMDG: No

IATA: No

no data available

no data available

Other melting points: 43-45°C (technical grade).Depending on the degree of exposure, periodic medical examination is indicated.Specific treatment is necessary in case of poisoning with this substance; the appropriate means with instructions must be available.If the substance is formulated with solvent(s) also consult the card(s) (ICSC) of the solvent(s).Carrier solvents used in commercial formulations may change physical and toxicological properties.