| Identification | More | [Name]
10,11-Dimethoxystrychnine | [CAS]
357-57-3 | [Synonyms]
10,11-DIMETHOXYSTRYCHNINE
2,3-DIMETHOXYSTRYCHNIDIN-10-ONE
(-)-BRUCINE
BRUCINE
BRUCINE ALKALOID
BRUCINE TETRAHYDRATE
STRYCHNIDIN-10-ONE,2,3-DIMETHOXY
10,11-Dimethystrychnine
2,3-dimethoxy-strychnidin-10-on
2,3-Dimethoxystrychnidine-10-one
2,3-dimethoxy-strychnin
2,3-Dimethoxy-strychnine
Brucin
Brucina
brucine,anhydrous
Dimethoxy strychnine
dimethoxystrychnine
Rcra waste number P018
rcrawastenumberp018
Strychnine, 2,3-dimethoxy- | [EINECS(EC#)]
206-614-7 | [Molecular Formula]
C23H26N2O4 | [MDL Number]
MFCD00005942 | [Molecular Weight]
394.46 | [MOL File]
357-57-3.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
White powder | [Melting point ]
175-178 °C (dec.)(lit.) | [alpha ]
-118 º (c=2.5 in chloroform) | [Boiling point ]
518.67°C (rough estimate) | [density ]
1.2119 (rough estimate) | [refractive index ]
1.6300 (estimate) | [storage temp. ]
Store at RT | [solubility ]
>15.6mg/mL in DMSO | [form ]
Powder | [pka]
8.28(at 25℃) | [color ]
White to light beige | [Stability:]
Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. | [Water Solubility ]
Soluble in alcohol, chloroform, and benzene, slightly soluble in water, ether, and glycerol | [Merck ]
1455 | [LogP]
0.980 | [CAS DataBase Reference]
357-57-3(CAS DataBase Reference) | [NIST Chemistry Reference]
Brucine(357-57-3) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
357-57-3(EPA Substance) |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
T+ | [Risk Statements ]
R26/28:Very Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed .
R52/53:Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment . | [Safety Statements ]
S13:Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs .
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible) .
S61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions safety data sheet . | [RIDADR ]
UN 1570 6.1/PG 1
| [WGK Germany ]
3
| [RTECS ]
EH8925000
| [TSCA ]
Yes | [HazardClass ]
6.1(a) | [PackingGroup ]
I | [HS Code ]
29399900 | [Safety Profile]
A poison by
subcutaneous, intravenous, and
intraperitoneal routes. An alkaloid-like
strychnine, but one-sixth as toxic. When
heated to decomposition it emits toxic
fumes of Nx,. See also STRYCHNINE | [Hazardous Substances Data]
357-57-3(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [General Description]
A white crystalline solid. Combustible but may require some effort to ignite. Toxic by inhalation (vapor, dust, etc.) and ingestion. | [Air & Water Reactions]
Slightly soluble in water. | [Hazard]
Poison by ingestion and inhalation.
| [Health Hazard]
Chemical is toxic if inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through skin. Inhalation produces intense bitter taste. Ingestion causes nausea, vomiting, restlessness, excitement, twitching, and (rarely) convulsions. Contact with dust irritates eyes. | [Fire Hazard]
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic oxides of nitrogen may form in fires. | [Description]
As a Chinese medicine, brucine was firstly recorded in Compendium of Materia
Medica. The Chinese name for brucine is “Maqian” because it looks like ancient
coins with horse icon, where “Ma” refers to “horse” and “qian” refers to “coins.”
This traditional Chinese herb has cold, bitter, and toxic properties. It can be used to
treat typhoid fever, throat pain, and lumps. Brucine is mainly extracted from the
traditional Chinese medicine “Maqian.” In 1819, Pelletier and Caventou firstly isolated the alkaline brucine from the seeds and bark of Strychnos nux-vomica
L.?Brucine is the dry and mature seeds of Loganiaceae Evergreen tree plants including Strychnos nux-vomica L. and Strychnos pierriana A.W. Hill. | [Chemical Properties]
White powder | [Physical properties]
Appearance: white crystalline powder; tastes very bitter. Solubility: slightly soluble
in water; soluble in ether, chloroform, ethanol, methanol, and other organic solvents
. Melting point: 175–178?°C. Specific optical rotation: ?118°. | [Uses]
10,11-Dimethoxystrychnine can be used for antineoplastic, convulsant.
| [Uses]
Brucine is used as a denaturing alcohol, lubricant additive, separation of racemic mixtures. Proposed to reduce inflammatory mediators including COX-2, PGE2 and thromboxane B2. Able to induce cell apoptosis, with cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects. | [Uses]
Brucine occurs in the seeds of strychnosspecies (Strychnos nux vomica L. and otherspecies). It is used for denaturing alcoholsand oils; for separating racemic mixtures;and as an additive to lubricants. It is alsoused for colorimetric analysis of nitrate.Therapeutically, it is used as a stimulant. | [Definition]
ChEBI: Brucine is a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid and an organic heteroheptacyclic compound. | [Agricultural Uses]
Rodenticide: Used in the manufacture of other chemicals, in perfumes,
as a medication for animals, and as a poison for rodents | [Trade name]
DOLCO MOUSE CEREAL®; PIED
PIPER MOUSE SEED® (Brucine) | [Pharmacology]
1. Analgesic effects: Brucine is reported to exert analgesic effects through both
central and peripheral pathways. Possible mechanisms of the analgesic effects
include blocking the voltage-gated sodium channel, inhibiting the synthesis of
PGE2, acting on the adrenergic receptor and the L-arginine-NO pathway. Brucine
(0.48?mg/kg) can significantly elevate the pain threshold in mice.
2. Anti-tumor effects: Studies have shown that brucine inhibits the cell proliferation in breast cancer, liver cancer, leukemia, and Ehrlich ascites tumors by inducing tumor cell apoptosis, inhibiting angiogenesis, reversing tumor multidrug
resistance, and regulating the expression of various cytokines. In addition, at the
dose of 320?μg/ml, the in?vitro hepatocarcinoma cell growth inhibition rate of
brucine is nearly 100%.
3. Anti-pathogen effects: In vitro study shows that 0.1% brucine can completely
inhibit the growth of Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and
alpha Streptococcus and Mlicrococcus catarrhalis. At the dose of 500?μg/ml, the
inhibitory rate of brucine on human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase is above 30%.
4. Other pharmacological effects: Anti-inflammation, regulation of the immune
system, regulation of the cardiovascular system, antitussive, expectorant, and
antiasthenic and antibacterial effects. | [Clinical Use]
The applications of brucine include reducing swelling; resolving mass; activating
meridians to stop pain; attenuating rheumatism, stubborn paralysis, and numbness
paralysis; alleviating bruises; etc. It has been used for nearly a thousand years and
achieved prominent clinical efficacy. In the clinical practice, brucine is used as a
compatibility prescription or compound medicine in treating rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, stroke hemiplegia, dementia, retinopathy, and orthopedic and other
surgical diseases.
Brucine is the main active ingredient in Strychnos and plays an important role in
treating diseases. However, brucine is also a toxic ingredient, which limits the scope
of its clinical application. Further studies of its pharmacological effects and toxicity
will improve its clinical application. | [Potential Exposure]
Drug, NaturalProduct. Brucine is used as denaturant for Ethanol, alsoresolving agent for isomer separation; in the manufacture ofother chemicals, in perfumes, as a medication for animals,and as a poison for rodents. It is an alkaloid, produced fromstrychnos seeds. | [First aid]
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and inducevomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit. | [storage]
Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard: Store in asecure poison location. Protect against physical damage.Outside or detached storage is preferred. Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Store in a secure poison location. Prior to working with brucine you should be trainedon its proper handling and storage. Store in tightly closedcontainers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from strongoxidizers. | [Shipping]
Label: “POISONOUS/TOXIC MATERIALS.” Itfalls in Hazard Class 6.1 and Packing Group I. | [Purification Methods]
Crystallise brucine once from water or aqueous Me2CO (as the tetrahydrate), then suspend it in CHCl3 and shake with anhydrous Na2SO4 (to dehydrate the brucine, which then dissolves). Precipitate it by pouring the solution into a large bulk of dry pet ether (b 40-60o), filter and heat to 120o in a high vacuum [Turner J Chem Soc 842 1951]. The tetrahydrate crystallises from a mixture of EtOH and H2O as colourless elongated needles [Eeles Acta Cryst 6 809 1953, Beilstein 27 III/IV 7875.] VERY POISONOUS | [Incompatibilities]
Reacts with strong oxidizers. Finely dispersed material in air can cause dust explosions. |
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