Glycine
- CAS No.
- 56-40-6
- Chemical Name:
- Glycine
- Synonyms
- Gly;H-GLY-OH;Gly-OH;Aminoacetic acid;L-Gly;BLOTTING BUFFER;TGC;GLYCINE USP;Glycine Amino acid;TT BUFFER
- CBNumber:
- CB5336487
- Molecular Formula:
- C2H5NO2
- Molecular Weight:
- 75.07
- MOL File:
- 56-40-6.mol
- MSDS File:
- SDS
- Modify Date:
- 2024/6/3 18:47:13
| Melting point | 240 °C (dec.) (lit.) |
|---|---|
| Boiling point | 233°C |
| Density | 1.595 |
| vapor pressure | 0.0000171 Pa (25 °C) |
| refractive index | 1.4264 (estimate) |
| FEMA | 3287 | GLYCINE |
| Flash point | 176.67°C |
| storage temp. | 2-8°C |
| solubility | H2O: 100 mg/mL |
| form | powder |
| pka | 2.35(at 25℃) |
| color | <5 (200 mg/mL)(APHA) |
| PH | 4(0.2 molar aqueous solution) |
| Odor | Odorless |
| PH Range | 4 |
| Odor Type | odorless |
| Water Solubility | 25 g/100 mL (25 ºC) |
| λmax |
λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.05 λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.05 |
| JECFA Number | 1421 |
| Merck | 14,4491 |
| BRN | 635782 |
| Stability | Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
| InChIKey | DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| LogP | -3.21 |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 56-40-6(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Glycine(56-40-6) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Glycine (56-40-6) |
SAFETY
Risk and Safety Statements
| Symbol(GHS) |  GHS07 |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signal word | Warning | |||||||||
| Hazard statements | H315-H319-H335 | |||||||||
| Precautionary statements | P261-P271-P280 | |||||||||
| Risk Statements | 33 | |||||||||
| Safety Statements | 22-24/25 | |||||||||
| WGK Germany | 2 | |||||||||
| RTECS | MB7600000 | |||||||||
| TSCA | Yes | |||||||||
| HS Code | 29224910 | |||||||||
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 7930 mg/kg | |||||||||
| NFPA 704 |
|
Glycine price More Price(75)
| Manufacturer | Product number | Product description | CAS number | Packaging | Price | Updated | Buy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | W328707 | Glycine 99%, FCC | 56-40-6 | 1SAMPLE | ₹5141.88 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | W328707 | Glycine 99%, FCC | 56-40-6 | 1KG | ₹7804.83 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | W328707 | Glycine 99%, FCC | 56-40-6 | 10KG | ₹29184.2 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | W328707 | Glycine 99%, FCC | 56-40-6 | 25KG | ₹63391.2 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | PHR1111 | Glycine Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material | 56-40-6 | 1G | ₹8172.88 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
Glycine Chemical Properties,Uses,Production
Description
Glycine (abbreviated as Gly or G) is an organic compound with the formula NH2CH2COOH. Having a hydrogen substituent as its side-chain, glycine is the smallest of the 20 amino acids commonly found in proteins. Its codons are GGU, GGC, GGA, GGG of the genetic code.
Glycine is a colourless, sweet-tasting crystalline solid. It is unique among the proteinogenic amino acids in that it is not chiral. It can fit into hydrophilic or hydrophobic environments, due to its minimal side chain of only one hydrogen atom. Glycine is also the genus name of the Soybean plant (species name = Glycine max).
Chemical Properties
Glycine occurs as a white, odorless, crystalline powder, and has a sweet taste.
Occurrence
Gelatin and silk fbroin are reportedly the best natural sources of this amino acid
Uses
Glycine is a non-essential amino acid for human development. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in spinal cord, allosteric regulator of NMDA receptors.
Preparation
From chloroacetic acid and ammonia; from protein sources, such as gelatin and silk fbroin; from ammonium bicarbonate and sodium cyanide; by catalytic cleavage of serine; from hydrobromic acid and methyleneaminoacetonitrile.
Production Methods
Chemical synthesis is the most suitable method of preparation of glycine. Amination of chloroacetic acid and the hydrolysis of aminoacetonitrile are the favored methods of production.
Definition
ChEBI: The simplest (and the only achiral) proteinogenic amino acid, with a hydrogen atom as its side chain.
Biosynthesis
Glycine is not essential to the human diet, as it is biosynthesized in the body from the amino acid serine, which is in turn derived from 3-phospho glycerate. In most organisms, the enzyme Serine hydroxy methyl transferase catalyses this transformation via the cofactor pyridoxal phosphate :
serine + tetra hydro folate → glycine +N5,N10-Methylene tetrahydrofolate + H2O
In the liver of vertebrates, glycine synthesis is catalyzed by glycine synthase (also called glycine cleavage enzyme). This conversion is readily reversible : CO2 + NH4+ + N5,N10-Methylene tetra hydro folate + NADH + H+→ Glycine + tetrahydrofolate +NAD+
Glycine is coded by codons GGU, GGC, GGA and GGG. Most proteins incorporate only small quantities of glycine. A notable exception is collagen, which contains about 35 % glycine.
Biological Functions
The principal function of glycine is as a precursor to proteins. It is also a building block to numerous natural products.
As a biosynthetic intermediate
In higher eukaryotes, D-Aminolevulinic acid, the key precursor to porphyrins, is biosynthesized from glycine and succinyl-CoA. Glycine provides the central C2N subunit of all purines.
As a neurotransmitter
Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, especially in the spinal cord, brainstem, and retina. When glycine receptors are activated, chloride enters the neuron via ionotropic receptors, causing an Inhibitory postsynaptic potentia (IPSP). Strychnine is a strong antagonist at ionotropic glycine receptors, whereas bicuculline is a weak one. Glycine is a required coagonist along with glutamate for NMDA receptors. In contrast to the inhibitory role of glycine in the spinal cord, this behaviour is facilitated at the (NMDA) glutaminergic receptors which are excitatory. The LD50 of glycine is 7930 mg / kg in rats (oral), and it usually causes death by hyperexcitability. .
General Description
White crystals.
Air & Water Reactions
Water soluble.
Reactivity Profile
An amino acid. A 0.2M aqueous solution has a pH of 4.0., so acts as a weak acid. Has characteristics of both acid and base.
Hazard
Use in fats restricted to 0.01%.
Fire Hazard
LOW. Ignites at very high temperatures.
Pharmaceutical Applications
Glycine is routinely used as a cofreeze-dried excipient in protein
formulations owing to its ability to form a strong, porous, and
elegant cake structure in the final lyophilized product. It is one
of the most frequently utilized excipients in freeze-dried injectable
formulations owing to its advantageous freeze-drying properties.
Glycine has been investigated as a disintegration accelerant in
fast-disintegrating formulations owing to its excellent wetting
nature.It is also used as a buffering agent and conditioner in
cosmetics.
Glycine may be used along with antacids in the treatment of
gastric hyperacidity, and it may also be included in aspirin
preparations to aid the reduction of gastric irritation.
Agricultural Uses
Glycine is the simplest naturally occurring amino acid and is a constituent of most proteins. Its formula is H2N·CH2·COOH.
Biological Activity
One of the major inhibitory neurotransmitters in the mammalian CNS, predominantly active in the spinal cord and brain stem. Also acts as a modulator of excitatory amino acid transmission mediated by NMDA receptors. Also available as part of the NMDA Receptor - Glycine Site Tocriset™ .
Safety Profile
Moderately toxic by intravenous route. Mildly toxic by ingestion. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.
Safety
Glycine is used as a sweetener, buffering agent, and dietary
supplement. The pure form of glycine is moderately toxic by the
IV route and mildly toxic by ingestion.
Systemic absorption of glycine irrigation solutions can lead to
disturbances of fluid and electrolyte balance and cardiovascular and
pulmonary disorders.
LD50 (mouse, IP): 4.45 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, IV): 2.37 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, oral): 4.92 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, SC): 5.06 g/kg
LD50 (rat, IV): 2.6 g/kg
LD50 (rat, oral): 7.93 g/kg
LD50 (rat, SC): 5.2 g/kg
storage
Glycine starts to decompose at 233°C. Store in well-closed containers. Glycine irrigation solutions (95–105% glycine) should be stored in single dose containers, preferably type I or type II glass.
Purification Methods
Crystallise glycine from distilled water by dissolving at 90-95o, filtering, cooling to about -5o, and draining the crystals centrifugally. Alternatively, crystallise it from distilled water by addition of MeOH or EtOH (e.g. 50g dissolved in 100mL of warm water, and 400mL of MeOH is added). The crystals are washed with MeOH or EtOH, then with diethyl ether. Likely impurities are ammonium glycinate, iminodiacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid or/and ammonium chloride. [Greenstein & Winitz The Chemistry of the Amino Acids J. Wiley, Vol 3 p 1955 1961, Beilstein 4 IV 2349.]
Incompatibilities
Glycine may undergo Maillard reactions with amino acids to produce yellowing or browning. Reducing sugars will also interact with secondary amines to form an imine, but without any accompanying yellow-brown discoloration.
Regulatory Status
GRAS listed. Accepted for use as a food additive in Europe. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (IM, IV, SC injections; oral; rectal) and approved for irrigant solutions. Included in parenteral (powders for injection; solutions for injection; vaccines; kits for implant) and nonparenteral (orodispersible tablets/oral lyophilizate; powders for inhalation; powders for oral solution; tablets) formulations licensed in the UK.
Glycine Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materials
1of7
chevron_rightPreparation Products
1of8
chevron_right| Supplier | Tel | Country | ProdList | Advantage | Inquiry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Otto Chemie Pvt. Ltd. | +91 9820041841 | Mumbai, India | 32 | 58 | Inquiry |
| SALVI CHEMICAL | +91-9321313096 +91-9321313096 | Mumbai, India | 26 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Arnish Laborates Pvt Ltd | +91 7208475595 | Maharashtra, India | 187 | 58 | Inquiry |
| CRYSTAL PHARMA | +91-9322218073 +91-9820141331 | Mumbai, India | 106 | 58 | Inquiry |
| AMINO ORGANICS | +919866989891 | Hyderabad, India | 275 | 58 | Inquiry |
| JSK Chemicals | +919879767970 | Gujarat, India | 3758 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Jeevan Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals | +91-9820112971 +91-9326362295 | Maharashtra, India | 44 | 58 | Inquiry |
| ShanPar Industries Pvt Ltd | +91-2652638973 +91-9909901206 | Gujarat, India | 115 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Sujata Chemicals | +91-9898025496 +91-9898025496 | Gujarat, India | 73 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Merck Ltd | +91-2262109800 +91-2262109000 | Maharashtra, India | 272 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Supplier | Advantage |
|---|---|
| Otto Chemie Pvt. Ltd. | 58 |
| SALVI CHEMICAL | 58 |
| Arnish Laborates Pvt Ltd | 58 |
| CRYSTAL PHARMA | 58 |
| AMINO ORGANICS | 58 |
| JSK Chemicals | 58 |
| Jeevan Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals | 58 |
| ShanPar Industries Pvt Ltd | 58 |
| Sujata Chemicals | 58 |
| Merck Ltd | 58 |
Related articles
- Glycine: Dietary sources, Supplements and Benefits
- Glycine is the smallest protein amino acid, a non-essential amino acid that occurs naturally in humans, animals and many mamma....
- May 27，2024
- Synthesis and Clinical implications of Glycine
- Glycine is integral to the formation of α-helix in the protein. Glycine acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter. It also acts a....
- Jun 23，2022
- Glycine:Function and Production
- Glycine, the simplest amino acid, obtainable by hydrolysis of proteins. Sweet-tasting, it was among the earliest amino acids t....
- Aug 3，2021
56-40-6(Glycine)Related Search:
1of4
chevron_right