Glycin

Glycine Struktur
56-40-6
CAS-Nr.
56-40-6
Bezeichnung:
Glycin
Englisch Name:
Glycine
Synonyma:
Gly;H-GLY-OH;Gly-OH;Aminoacetic acid;L-Gly;BLOTTING BUFFER;TGC;GLYCINE USP;Glycine Amino acid;TT BUFFER
CBNumber:
CB5336487
Summenformel:
C2H5NO2
Molgewicht:
75.07
MOL-Datei:
56-40-6.mol

Glycin Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt:
240 °C (dec.) (lit.)
Siedepunkt:
233°C
Dichte
1.595
Dampfdruck
0.0000171 Pa (25 °C)
Brechungsindex
1.4264 (estimate)
FEMA 
3287 | GLYCINE
Flammpunkt:
176.67°C
storage temp. 
2-8°C
Löslichkeit
H2O: 100 mg/mL
Aggregatzustand
powder
pka
2.35(at 25℃)
Farbe
<5 (200 mg/mL)(APHA)
PH
4(0.2 molar aqueous solution)
Geruch (Odor)
Odorless
Säure-Base-Indikators(pH-Indikatoren)
4
Geruchsart
odorless
Wasserlöslichkeit
25 g/100 mL (25 ºC)
maximale Wellenlänge (λmax)
λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.05
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.05
JECFA Number
1421
Merck 
14,4491
BRN 
635782
Stabilität:
Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey
DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP
-3.21
CAS Datenbank
56-40-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST chemische Informationen
Glycine(56-40-6)
EPA chemische Informationen
Glycine (56-40-6)
Sicherheit
  • Risiko- und Sicherheitserklärung
  • Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)
R-Sätze: 33
S-Sätze: 22-24/25
WGK Germany  2
RTECS-Nr. MB7600000
TSCA  Yes
HS Code  29224910
Giftige Stoffe Daten 56-40-6(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizität LD50 orally in Rabbit: 7930 mg/kg
Bildanzeige (GHS) GHS hazard pictograms
Alarmwort Warnung
Gefahrenhinweise
Code Gefahrenhinweise Gefahrenklasse Abteilung Alarmwort Symbol P-Code
H315 Verursacht Hautreizungen. Hautreizung Kategorie 2 Warnung P264, P280, P302+P352, P321,P332+P313, P362
H319 Verursacht schwere Augenreizung. Schwere Augenreizung Kategorie 2 Warnung P264, P280, P305+P351+P338,P337+P313P
H335 Kann die Atemwege reizen. Spezifische Zielorgan-Toxizität (einmalige Exposition) Kategorie 3 (Atemwegsreizung) Warnung
Sicherheit
P261 Einatmen von Staub vermeiden.
P271 Nur im Freien oder in gut belüfteten Räumen verwenden.
P280 Schutzhandschuhe/Schutzkleidung/Augenschutz tragen.

Glycin Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

R33:Gefahr kumulativer Wirkungen.

S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

S22:Staub nicht einatmen.
S24/25:Berührung mit den Augen und der Haut vermeiden.

Beschreibung

Glycine (abbreviated as Gly or G) is an organic compound with the formula NH2CH2COOH. Having a hydrogen substituent as its side-chain, glycine is the smallest of the 20 amino acids commonly found in proteins. Its codons are GGU, GGC, GGA, GGG of the genetic code.
Glycine is a colourless, sweet-tasting crystalline solid. It is unique among the proteinogenic amino acids in that it is not chiral. It can fit into hydrophilic or hydrophobic environments, due to its minimal side chain of only one hydrogen atom. Glycine is also the genus name of the Soybean plant (species name = Glycine max).

Chemische Eigenschaften

Glycine occurs as a white, odorless, crystalline powder, and has a sweet taste.

Occurrence

Gelatin and silk fbroin are reportedly the best natural sources of this amino acid

Verwenden

Glycine is a non-essential amino acid for human development. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in spinal cord, allosteric regulator of NMDA receptors.

Definition

ChEBI: The simplest (and the only achiral) proteinogenic amino acid, with a hydrogen atom as its side chain.

synthetische

From chloroacetic acid and ammonia; from protein sources, such as gelatin and silk fbroin; from ammonium bicarbonate and sodium cyanide; by catalytic cleavage of serine; from hydrobromic acid and methyleneaminoacetonitrile.

Vorbereitung Methode

Chemical synthesis is the most suitable method of preparation of glycine. Amination of chloroacetic acid and the hydrolysis of aminoacetonitrile are the favored methods of production.

Biosynthese

Glycine is not essential to the human diet, as it is biosynthesized in the body from the amino acid serine, which is in turn derived from 3-phospho glycerate. In most organisms, the enzyme Serine hydroxy methyl transferase catalyses this transformation via the cofactor pyridoxal phosphate :
serine + tetra hydro folate → glycine +N5,N10-Methylene tetrahydrofolate + H2O
In the liver of vertebrates, glycine synthesis is catalyzed by glycine synthase (also called glycine cleavage enzyme). This conversion is readily reversible : CO2 + NH4+ + N5,N10-Methylene tetra hydro folate + NADH + H+→ Glycine + tetrahydrofolate +NAD+
Glycine is coded by codons GGU, GGC, GGA and GGG. Most proteins incorporate only small quantities of glycine. A notable exception is collagen, which contains about 35 % glycine.

Biologische Funktion

The principal function of glycine is as a precursor to proteins. It is also a building block to numerous natural products.
As a biosynthetic intermediate
In higher eukaryotes, D-Aminolevulinic acid, the key precursor to porphyrins, is biosynthesized from glycine and succinyl-CoA. Glycine provides the central C2N subunit of all purines.
As a neurotransmitter
Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, especially in the spinal cord, brainstem, and retina. When glycine receptors are activated, chloride enters the neuron via ionotropic receptors, causing an Inhibitory postsynaptic potentia (IPSP). Strychnine is a strong antagonist at ionotropic glycine receptors, whereas bicuculline is a weak one. Glycine is a required coagonist along with glutamate for NMDA receptors. In contrast to the inhibitory role of glycine in the spinal cord, this behaviour is facilitated at the (NMDA) glutaminergic receptors which are excitatory. The LD50 of glycine is 7930 mg / kg in rats (oral), and it usually causes death by hyperexcitability. .

Allgemeine Beschreibung

White crystals.

Air & Water Reaktionen

Water soluble.

Reaktivität anzeigen

An amino acid. A 0.2M aqueous solution has a pH of 4.0., so acts as a weak acid. Has characteristics of both acid and base.

Hazard

Use in fats restricted to 0.01%.

Brandgefahr

LOW. Ignites at very high temperatures.

Pharmazeutische Anwendungen

Glycine is routinely used as a cofreeze-dried excipient in protein formulations owing to its ability to form a strong, porous, and elegant cake structure in the final lyophilized product. It is one of the most frequently utilized excipients in freeze-dried injectable formulations owing to its advantageous freeze-drying properties.
Glycine has been investigated as a disintegration accelerant in fast-disintegrating formulations owing to its excellent wetting nature.It is also used as a buffering agent and conditioner in cosmetics.
Glycine may be used along with antacids in the treatment of gastric hyperacidity, and it may also be included in aspirin preparations to aid the reduction of gastric irritation.

Landwirtschaftliche Anwendung

Glycine is the simplest naturally occurring amino acid and is a constituent of most proteins. Its formula is H2N·CH2·COOH.

Biologische Aktivität

One of the major inhibitory neurotransmitters in the mammalian CNS, predominantly active in the spinal cord and brain stem. Also acts as a modulator of excitatory amino acid transmission mediated by NMDA receptors. Also available as part of the NMDA Receptor - Glycine Site Tocriset™ .

Sicherheitsprofil

Moderately toxic by intravenous route. Mildly toxic by ingestion. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.

Sicherheit(Safety)

Glycine is used as a sweetener, buffering agent, and dietary supplement. The pure form of glycine is moderately toxic by the IV route and mildly toxic by ingestion.
Systemic absorption of glycine irrigation solutions can lead to disturbances of fluid and electrolyte balance and cardiovascular and pulmonary disorders.
LD50 (mouse, IP): 4.45 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, IV): 2.37 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, oral): 4.92 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, SC): 5.06 g/kg
LD50 (rat, IV): 2.6 g/kg
LD50 (rat, oral): 7.93 g/kg
LD50 (rat, SC): 5.2 g/kg

Lager

Glycine starts to decompose at 233°C. Store in well-closed containers. Glycine irrigation solutions (95–105% glycine) should be stored in single dose containers, preferably type I or type II glass.

läuterung methode

Crystallise glycine from distilled water by dissolving at 90-95o, filtering, cooling to about -5o, and draining the crystals centrifugally. Alternatively, crystallise it from distilled water by addition of MeOH or EtOH (e.g. 50g dissolved in 100mL of warm water, and 400mL of MeOH is added). The crystals are washed with MeOH or EtOH, then with diethyl ether. Likely impurities are ammonium glycinate, iminodiacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid or/and ammonium chloride. [Greenstein & Winitz The Chemistry of the Amino Acids J. Wiley, Vol 3 p 1955 1961, Beilstein 4 IV 2349.]

Inkompatibilitäten

Glycine may undergo Maillard reactions with amino acids to produce yellowing or browning. Reducing sugars will also interact with secondary amines to form an imine, but without any accompanying yellow-brown discoloration.

Regulatory Status

GRAS listed. Accepted for use as a food additive in Europe. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (IM, IV, SC injections; oral; rectal) and approved for irrigant solutions. Included in parenteral (powders for injection; solutions for injection; vaccines; kits for implant) and nonparenteral (orodispersible tablets/oral lyophilizate; powders for inhalation; powders for oral solution; tablets) formulations licensed in the UK.

Glycin Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Upstream-Materialien

Downstream Produkte


Glycin Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

Global( 1360)Lieferanten
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Hebei Zhanyao Biotechnology Co. Ltd
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Shanghai UCHEM Inc.
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+86-031189171450 +86-15632359451
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+8615271838296
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+86-15175982296 15175982296;
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Hebei Jingbo New Material Technology Co., Ltd
+8619931165850
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56-40-6(Glycin)Verwandte Suche:


  • USP24 GLYCINE USP24
  • Glycine (Feed Grade)
  • Glycine (Tech Grade)
  • Glycine 99.0+ % for analysis
  • Glycine BP
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  • analyticalgrade
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  • ANTIMONY(V) CHLORIDE 99.5%
  • GLYCINE, 99+%
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  • GLYCINE, FOR MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
  • GLYCINE, FOR LUMINESCENCE
  • GLYCINE DAB, PH. EUR., B. P., PH. FRANC.
  • GLYCINE PURISS. P.A., REAG. PH. EUR.,BUFFER SUBSTANCE
  • GLYCINE, ELECTROPHORESIS REAGENT
  • GLYCINE FREE BASE SIGMAULTRA
  • Glycine FCC/USP
  • GLYCINE CELL CULTURE REAGENT
  • GLYCINE MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE 99.9+%
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  • Glycine,Aminoacetic acid, Aminoethanoic acid, Glycocoll
  • Glycine,Aminoacetic acid, Aminoethanoic acid, Glycinum, Glycocoll
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  • Glycine, extra pure, 98% 250GR
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  • L-VALINE (13C5, 99%
  • L-VALINE-N-FMOC (13C5, 99%
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  • Glycine (G) Solution, 100ppm
  • Glycine ACS reagent, >=98.5%
  • Glycine puriss. p.a., Reag. Ph. Eur., buffer substance, 99.7-101% (calc. to the dried substance)
  • Glycine Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
  • 5-FLUOROURACIL USP GRADE
  • Additive Screening Solution 47/Fluka kit no 78374
  • Anti-Transglutaminase 2, N-Terminal antibody produced in rabbit
  • Protein-glutamine γ-glutamyltransferase 2
  • TGase C
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